In vivo dynamics of pro-inflammatory factors, mucins, and polymorph nuclear neutrophils in the bovine oviduct during the follicular and luteal phase

Abstract

Dynamic functional changes in the oviductal microenvironment are the prerequisite for the establishment of pregnancy. The objective of this study was to gain the first insights into oestrous cycle-dependent dynamics of polymorph nuclear neutrophils (PMN) and the mRNA abundance of selected genes and their correlations in the oviduct of living cows. Mini-cytobrush samples were taken from the oviducts of healthy heifers (n = 6) and cows (n = 7) during the follicular (FOL) and luteal phase (LUT) by transvaginal endoscopy. Total RNA was isolated from the samples and subjected to reverse transcription-quantitative PCR for selected pro-inflammatory factors, glycoproteins, and a metabolic marker. The percentage of PMN was determined by cytological examination. The mean PMN percentage was 2.8-fold greater during LUT than FOL. During LUT, significantly greater mRNA abundance of the pro-inflammatory factors IL1B, CXCL1, CXCL3, and CXCL8 was observed. The OVGP1 mRNA abundance was twice as high during FOL than in LUT. Pearson correlation, principal component analysis and heatmap analyses indicated characteristic functional patterns with strong correlations among investigated factors. Using this novel approach, we illustrate complex physiological dynamics and interactions of the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory factors, mucins, OVGP1, and PMN in the oviduct during the oestrous cycle.

Reducing the Risk of Pre-Eclampsia in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using a Combination of Pregnancy Screening, Lifestyle, and Medical Management Strategies

“…Normal development of the placenta involves a complex network of communication signals between fetal-derived trophoblasts and a broad range of maternally derived endometrial cells [ 25 ]. The fetal-derived precursor cells of the placenta are affected by sperm-derived signals to endometrial cells prior to fertilization [ 70 , 71 ], paternal and maternal genetics [ 72 ], imprinted genes [ 73 ], epigenetic reprogramming following fertilization [ 74 ], nutritional components of oviduct fluid from cells lining the fallopian tube prior to implantation [ 24 , 75 ], histotrophic nutrition during the first trimester [ 76 ], and hemotrophic nutrition following the establishment of significant blood flow into the placental intervillous space [ 77 ]. Disturbances of the normal physiology in any of these components could lead to abnormal trophoblast–decidual dialogue and contribute to deficient trophoblast invasion into the uterus and impaired spiral artery remodeling, resulting in placental hypoperfusion and syncytiotrophoblast stress, as is known to occur in PE ( Figure 1 ) [ 69 ].…”

Reducing the Risk of Pre-eclampsia in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome using a Combination of Pregnancy Screening, Lifestyle, and Medical Management Strategies

“…Normal development of the placenta involves a complex network of communication signals between fetalderived trophoblast and a broad range of maternal-derived endometrial cells [39]. The fetal-derived precursor cells of the placenta are affected by sperm-derived signals to endometrial cells prior to fertilization [78,79], paternal and maternal genetics [80], imprinted genes [81], epigenetic reprogramming following fertilization [82], nutritional components of oviduct fluid from cells lining the Fallopian tube prior to implantation [38,83], histotrophic nutrition during the first trimester [84], and haemotrophic nutrition following the establishment of significant blood flow into the placental intervillous space [85]. Disturbances of normal physiology in any of these components could lead to abnormal trophoblast-decidual dialogue and contribute to deficient trophoblast invasion into the uterus and impaired spiral artery remodeling, resulting in placental hypoperfusion and syncytiotrophoblast stress, as is known to occur in PE (Figure 1) [77].…”