In Vivo Conversion of Methylene Chloride to Carbon Monoxide

Ratney, Ronald S.; Wegman, David H.; Elkins, Hervey B.

doi:10.1080/00039896.1974.10666472

Cited by 60 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In smokers, the dose response is shifted upward by the additional CO inhalation (10). At approximately 180 ppm MeCl2, the rate of increase is 0.5% COHb/hr (16 (18,19). The marked degree of carboxyhemoglobinemia (> 20%) without loss of consciousness and the significant ambient CO concentration in the workplace suggest that our patient's situation was probably complicated by exogenous CO exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Therefore, the decay of MeCl2-induced COHb is slower than that of COHb derived from ambient inhaled CO. The elimination half-life of MeCl2-derived COHb is 13 hr when breathing room air (16) and has been estimated to fall to approximately 6 hr with the administration of 100% normobaric oxygen (4). These values compare with elimination half-lives of COHb derived from exogenous CO inhalation of approximately 4 hr for room air, 60 min for 100% normobaric oxygen, and < 30 min for 100% hyperbaric oxygen at 3 atmospheres (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The dose response demonstrates a linear relationship between MeCI2 exposure (for both duration of exposure and intensity of exposure) and COHb levels (9,10,16,17). This is illustrated in Figure 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The conditions found during the inspection of the patient's workplace were probably similar to those that produced the poisoning episode. The inspection documented spot exposures via area samples of 300-500 ppm MeCl2 and 28 ppm CO. Ratney et al (16) Grand Rounds in Environmental Medicine * Methylene chloride poisoning the spray operation (versus areas samples), if ambient MeCl2 and CO concentrations had been higher due to decreased ventilation, and if there had been increased absorption due to physical activity. Absorption can also result from skin contact, but at a lower rate compared to other routes because of rapid evaporation (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methylene chloride poisoning in a cabinet worker.

Mahmud

Kales

1999

Environ Health Perspect

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More than a million workers are at risk for methylene chloride exposure. Aerosol sprays and paint stripping may also cause significant nonoccupational exposures. After methylene chloride inhalation, significant amounts of carbon monoxide are formed in vivo as a metabolic by-product. Poisoning predominantly affects the central nervous system and results from both carboxyhemoglobin formation and direct solvent-related narcosis. In this report, we describe a case of methylene chloride intoxication probably complicated by exogenous carbon monoxide exposure. The worker's presentation of intermittent headaches was consistent with both methylene chloride intoxication and carbon monoxide poisoning. The exposures and symptoms were corroborated by elevated carboxyhemoglobin saturations and a workplace inspection that documented significant exposures to both methylene chloride and carbon monoxide. When both carbon monoxide and methylene chloride are inhaled, additional carboxyhemoglobin formation is expected. Preventive efforts should include education, air monitoring, and periodic carboxyhemoglobin determinations. Methylene chloride should never be used in enclosed or poorly ventilated areas because of the well-documented dangers of loss of consciousness and death. Images Figure 1

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methylene chloride poisoning in a cabinet worker.

Mahmud

Kales

1999

Environ Health Perspect

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“…9 It is partly metabolized by the body to carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. 7,8,10,11,12 Measurement of methylene chloride in blood or expired air, carbon monoxide in expired air, and carboxyhemoglobin in blood can be used to monitor the magnitude of exposure.…”

Section: Methylene Chloridementioning

confidence: 99%