In vivo biofluid dynamic imaging in the developing zebrafish

In this article a number of whole-field blood velocity measurement techniques are concisely reviewed. We primarily focus on optical measurement techniques for in vivo applications, such as laser Doppler velocimetry (including time varying speckle), laser speckle contrast imaging and particle image velocimetry (including particle tracking). We also briefly describe nuclear magnetic resonance and ultrasound particle image velocimetry, two techniques that do not rely on optical access, but that are of importance to in vivo whole-field blood velocity measurement. Typical applications for whole-field methods are perfusion monitoring, the investigation of instantaneous blood flow patterns, the derivation of endothelial shear stress distributions from velocity fields, and the measurement of blood volume flow rates. These applications require individual treatment in terms of spatial and temporal resolution and number of measured velocity components. The requirements further differ for the investigation of macro-, meso-, and microscale blood flows. In this review we describe and classify those requirements and present techniques that satisfy them.

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“…14). Hove et al (2003) and Hove (2004) followed the course of small groups of erythrocytes through the heart of a zebrafish embryo (Fig. 15).…”

Section: Particle Image Velocimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo whole-field blood velocity measurement techniques

2007

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“…In fact, zebrafish possess a number of life history characteristics that make them more amenable than their mammalian and avian counterparts to studies of dynamic developmental imaging. Included among these are external fertilization, small size, rapid development, optical transparence, and genetic accessibility (105).…”

Section: Quantitative Flow Visualization In Zebrafishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Cardiovascular Flow Dynamics During Early Development

Hove

2006

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT:The relationship between developing biologic tissues and their dynamic fluid environments is intimate and complex. Increasing evidence supports the notion that these embryonic flowstructure interactions influence whether development will proceed normally or become pathogenic. Genetic, pharmacological, or surgical manipulations that alter the flow environment can thus profoundly influence morphologic and functional cardiovascular phenotypes. Functionally deficient phenotypes are particularly poorly described as there are few imaging tools with sufficient spatial and temporal resolution to quantify most intra-vital flows. The ability to visualize biofluids flow in vivo would be of great utility in functionally phenotyping model animal systems and for the elucidation of the mechanisms that underlie flow-related mechano-sensation and transduction in living organisms. This review summarizes the major methodological advances that have evolved for the quantitative characterization of intra-vital fluid dynamics with an emphasis on assessing cardiovascular flows in vertebrate model organisms. ROLE OF FLUID FLOW IN DEVELOPMENTI n addition to facilitating convective transport, intra-vital fluid flows impose substantial mechanical stresses on adjacent and underlying cells. These flow-induced forces are widely acknowledged as critical to the proper development and maintenance of many aspects of biologic form and function. This is particularly true during embryogenesis where internally-derived, flow-related forces are thought to be morphogens influencing a number of key developmental processes including; symmetry determination (1,2), cardiogenesis (3-5), blood vessel formation (6,7), glomerulogenesis (8), brain development (9), and lung development (10,11). In addition to their roles during normal development, the biomechanical forces generated by aberrant intra-vital flow have been implicated as important factors in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases in the cardiovascular (12-14), nervous (15-17), and renal (18 -20) systems.The specific mechanisms by which living cells sense, transduce and respond to flow-induced stresses are only partially known (21-25). In vitro studies have contributed a great deal to our understanding of these signaling pathways in general, and how cardiovascular endothelial cells, the flow sensors and transducers lining the vascular walls, react to shear stress (26 -29), stretch (30,31), and pressure (32,33). Of these, wall shear stress has received the most attention as both its magnitude and orientation are thought to play roles during vascular development. Fluid shear stresses occur within the cardiovascular system as blood flows tangentially to the surrounding vessel wall. This frictional force is defined by the product of the shear rate (derivative of velocity with respect to the vessel radius) and the dynamic viscosity of blood. To reconcile the complex velocity gradients that exist within a pulsing, flexible heart tube filled with a moving, non-Newtonian fluid we need to obtain s...

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“…Conventional histology studies require sacrificing the fish to investigate the damaged heart making further follow up with the same fish impossible. As a non-invasive method, optical cameras have been employed to identify both tissue and blood flow regeneration in embryonic zebrafish because of the embryos' transparent nature [2]. For adult zebrafish, high frequency (>40 MHz) ultrasound techniques have been employed for observing the morphological changes in clots formed in the amputated sites [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High frequency photoacoustic imaging for in vivo visualizing blood flow of zebrafish heart

et al. 2013

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Abstract:A technique on high frame rate(28fps), high frequency coregistered ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging for visualizing zebrafish heart blood flow was demonstrated. This approach was achieved with a 40MHz light weight(0.38g) ring-type transducer, serving as the ultrasound transmitter and receiver, to allow an optic fiber, coupled with a 532nm laser, to be inserted into the hole. From the wire target study, axial resolutions of 38µm and 42µm were obtained for ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging, respectively. Carbon nanotubes were utilized as contrast agents to increase the flow signal level by 20dB in phantom studies, and zebrafish heart blood flow was successfully observed.

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In vivo biofluid dynamic imaging in the developing zebrafish

Cited by 21 publications

References 121 publications

In vivo whole-field blood velocity measurement techniques

In vivo whole-field blood velocity measurement techniques

Quantifying Cardiovascular Flow Dynamics During Early Development

High frequency photoacoustic imaging for in vivo visualizing blood flow of zebrafish heart

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