In Vivo and In Vitro Production Options for Fungal Secondary Metabolites

Schneider, Patrick; Misiek, Mathias; Hoffmeister, Dirk

doi:10.1021/mp7001544

Cited by 65 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Having these metabolites of different xanthones of fungal origin and those elucidated in our previous investigations in hand, [26, 27b] a critical comparison of their structures and the reported structure is possible, which is interesting with respect to biosynthesis, taxonomy, drug development, [73] and the generation of the chemical diversity of the tetrahydroxanthones. The a-and b-diversolonic esters, isolated in 1983 from Penicillium diversum, have been known for a long time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthones and Oxepino[2, 3‐b]chromones from Three Endophytic Fungi

Krohn

Kouam

Kuigoua

et al. 2009

Chemistry A European J

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Three new metabolites, microsphaeropsones A-C (1-3) with a unique oxepino[2,3-b]chromen-6-one (ring-enlarged xanthone) skeleton, were isolated from the endophytic fungus Microsphaeropsis species, co-occurring with their putative biogenetic anthraquinoide precursors citreorosein (4) and emodin (5). From another Microsphaeropsis species, large amounts of fusidienol A (8 a), smaller amounts of emodin (5), the known aromatic xanthones 9 a and 9 b, the new 3,4-dihydrofusidienol A (8 b), and the new aromatic xanthone 9 c were isolated. The endophyte Seimatosporium species produced a new aromatic xanthone, seimatoxanthone A (10), and 3,4-dihydroglobosuxanthone A (12), closely related to alpha-diversolonic ester (13) from Microdiplodia sp.. The structures were determined mainly by extensive 1D and 2D NMR experiments and supported by X-ray single-crystal analysis of 1 and the oxidation product 7. The absolute configurations of the microsphaeropsones A-C (1-3) were established by comparison of the electronic and vibrational circular dichroism (ECD and VCD) spectra of 1 with time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) and DFT calculations by using either the solid-state structures or DFT-optimized geometries as inputs. Preliminary studies indicated that 1, 2, and enone 7 showed antibacterial, fungicidal, and algicidal properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthones and Oxepino[2, 3‐b]chromones from Three Endophytic Fungi

Krohn

Kouam

Kuigoua

et al. 2009

Chemistry A European J

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“…These secondary metabolites serve multiple functions in the organism beyond its crucial needs. The specialized function hypothesis postulates that many secondary metabolites have normal functions in the organisms as regulators, as chemical messengers in developmental processes (e.g., hormones), or as antibiotics that are important for combating invasion by other microorganisms [11,12,[37][38][39]. Fungi are metabolically versatile organisms and sources of innumerable secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, pigments, polyketides, terpenes, phenols, antibiotics, phytotoxins and mycotoxins [11,12].…”

Section: Fungal Metabolism and Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discovery of antibiotics, for example, contributed greatly to the successful control of most epidemic infectious diseases and promoted their disappearance leading to a general increase in the lifespan of mankind [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Secondary Metabolites: A Promising Source of Antineoplastic Drugs

Ahmed¹,

Shikh²,

Ghoneimy³

et al. 2010

CCTR

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The rapid progress in understanding the molecular biology of cancer has made a large impact on the design and development of novel therapeutic strategies prompted by the multi-factorial limitations of the current chemotherapeutic modalities. Given that the development of newer antineoplastic drugs continues to rely heavily on isolation from natural sources rather than applications based on rational drug design and combinatorial chemistry, fungal secondary metabolites rank high on the list of potential targets for the discovery of novel chemotherapeutic agents. They represent a diverse group of bioactive compounds characterized by their origin and biosynthetic pathways. Also, they serve as regulators, chemical messengers in developmental processes, or as antibiotics. A broad variety of fungal secondary metabolites possess potent antitumor activity. Alpha sarcin, gliotoxins, trichodimerol, L-lysine alpha-oxidase, fumagillin, declauxin, chrysanthones, fungal-derived low molecular weight inhibitors of angiogenesis e.g. TNP-470, retamycin, daunorubicin, and doxorubicin all have been shown to exert potent antitumor activity. Inhibition of protein synthesis, induction of DNA breakage and apoptosis, as well as blockade of angiogenesis are examples of the multiple antitumor mechanisms of fungal secondary metabolites. The current review explores the potential use of fungal secondary metabolites as antineoplastic drugs with special reference to the novel hepatoma growth-inhibition factor that we recently characterized from Trichoderma viride.

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“…This application of a pathway-specific regulatory gene represents a new approach in drug discovery (Brakhage et al, 2008;Schneider et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%