In vivo and in vitro antiinflammatory activity of saikosaponins

Bermejo, Paulina; Martínez, María José Abad; Sen, Alina; Gomez, Antonio; Matellano, Lidia Fernández; Contreras, Sandra Sánchez; Lanza, Ana M. Díaz

doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(98)00376-2

Cited by 133 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Saikosaponins have a steroidal structure and show anti-inflammatory effects. 21) However, these steroidal components may be unlikely because, if so, the expression of PLA 2 as well as COX-2 may be suppressed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive Effects of a Kampo Medicine, Shosaikoto, on Inflammatory Responses in LPS-Treated Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Ara

Maeda

Fujinami

et al. 2008

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of a Kampo medicine Shosaikoto (TJ-9) using in vitro periodontal disease model, in which human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis (PgLPS) produce IL-6, IL-8 and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ). Treatment with PgLPS (10 ng/ml), TJ-9 (up to 1 mg/ml) and their combinations for 24 h did not affect the viability of HGFs. Moreover, TJ-9 did not alter LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 productions. However, TJ-9 significantly suppressed LPS-induced PGE 2 production in a dose-dependent manner but TJ-9 alone did not affect basal PGE 2 level. Western blotting demonstrated that TJ-9 decreased cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in a dosedependent manner but not phospholipase A 2 . Moreover, TJ-9 selectively and dose-dependently inhibited COX-2 activity. These results suggest that TJ-9 decreased PGE 2 production by inhibition of both COX-2 expression and activity and that TJ-9 may be useful to improve gingival inflammation in periodontal disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive Effects of a Kampo Medicine, Shosaikoto, on Inflammatory Responses in LPS-Treated Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Ara

Maeda

Fujinami

et al. 2008

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…saponin in P. kamtschaticum and thus that its inhibitory effect on NO, PGE 2 and TNF-a formation might be associated with its putative anti-inflammatory effect. Although numerous reports on the biological activities of saikosaponins and saikogenins, i.e., anti-inflammatory, 12) anti-allergic, 13) and anti-angiogenesis 14) and an elevation in intracellular calcium ion concentration, 15) this is the first report on the inhibitory effects of the saponins isolated in the present research on NO, PGE 2 and TNF-a production.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Isolation of Saponins with the Inhibitory Effect on Nitric Oxide, Prostaglandin E2 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-.ALPHA. Production from Pleurospermum kamtschaticum

Jung

Kim

Nam

et al. 2005

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Pleurospermum kamtschaticum HOFFMANN (Umbelliferae) is a perennial herb distributed in Kangwon province Korea.1)The aerial part of P. kamtschaticum are traditionally used to treat colds, arthritis, atherosclerosis and impotence.2) The constituents of P. kamtschaticum have not been reported though Luo et al. 3) reported on the isolation of saponins from another Pleurospermum spp. Activity-directed fractionation led to the isolation of the two saponins compounds 1 and 2 from P. kamtschaticum, which were identified as saikogenin (buddlejasaponin IV) and 3b,16b,23, by physicochemical and spectroscopic data. The structures of the two saponins are shown in Fig. 1. Compounds 1 and 2 have not been previously isolated from Pleurospermum spp. These two compounds were tested for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in an lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage cell line (Raw 264.7 cells). NO has diverse physiological roles and also contributes to immune defenses against viruses, bacteria, and other parasites. However, excessive NO production is associated with various diseases such as arthritis, diabetes, stroke, septic shock, autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and atherosclerosis. 4)Previously, we reported on the cytotoxic effects of triterpenes and triterpenoidal saponins against cancer cell lines and on the inhibition of NO production in LPS-activated macrophage cell lines. 5-7)In general, sapogenins are bioactive principles rather than the saponins themselves. Therefore, saikosapogenin A (3) and -H (4), which are artifacts rather than genuine aglycones, were obtained from the hydrolysis of the two isolated saponins. However, it was found that these significant NO inhibitory effect of two sapogenins was due to their cytotoxic effect on RAW 264.7 cells. Thus, as a prelude to reveal the underlying mechanisms for the anti-inflammatory effect of compounds 1 and 2, we evaluated and compared the effects of these compounds isolated from the aerial portion of P. kamtschaticum on LPS-induced NO, prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) release by the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 in the present study. MATERIALS AND METHODSInstruments Melting Points were determined on an Electrothermal digital melting point apparatus. Optical rotations were measured on a JASCO DIP-360 digital polarimeter and IR spectra recorded on a Bomem MB-100 FT-IR spectrometer. FAB-MS were obtained using a JMS HX-110 As an attempt to search for bioactive natural products exerting antiinflammatory activity, we have isolated two saponins were isolated from the aerial portion of Pleurospermum kamtschaticum (Umbelliferae) by nitrite assay activity-directed chromatographic fractionation. They were identified as saikogenin . Compound 1 significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production, and it also significantly decreased prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) and tumor necrosis factor-a a (TNF-a a) release in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophage Raw 264.7 cells whereas compound 2 was much less active....

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“…Arachidonic acid, in turn, is metabolized to prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Substances able to inhibit edema could be inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COX) and/or 5-lipoxygenase (15). However, other agents are involved in edema generation such as serotonin and bradykinin, which act directly through specific receptors (5HT 2 , B 2 ) present in the endothelial cells of postcapillary venules.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic activity of Ipomoea imperati (Vahl) Griseb (Convolvulaceae)

Paula

Hayashi

Freitas

2003

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Ipomoea imperati (Convolvulaceae) lives on the sandy shores of the Brazilian coast and in other areas of the world. The anti-inflammatory activity of a methanol-water extract of the leaves of I. imperati was investigated in experimental models of acute and subchronic inflammation. Topical application of the extract (10 mg/ear) inhibited mouse ear edema induced by croton oil (89.0 ± 1.3% by the lipid fraction with an IC 50 of 3.97 mg/ear and 57.0 ± 1.3% by the aqueous fraction with an IC 50 of 3.5 mg/ear) and arachidonic acid (42.0 ± 2.0% with an IC 50 of 4.98 mg/ear and 31.0 ± 2.0% with an IC 50 of 4.72 mg/ear). Phospholipase A 2 , purified from Apis mellifera bee venom, was also inhibited by the extract (5.0 mg/ml lipid and aqueous fraction) in vitro in a dose-dependent manner (85% by the lipid fraction with an IC 50 of 3.22 mg/ml and 25% by the aqueous fraction with an IC 50 of 3.43 mg/ ml). The methanol-water extract of I. imperati (1000 mg/kg) administered by the oral route also inhibited the formation of cotton pelletinduced granulomas (73.2 ± 1.2% by the lipid fraction and 56.14 ± 2.7% by the aqueous fraction) and did not cause gastric mucosal lesions. I. imperati extracts (10 mg/ml) also inhibited in a dosedependent manner the muscle contractions of guinea pig ileum induced by acetylcholine and histamine (IC 50 of 1.60 mg/ml for the lipid fraction and 4.12 mg/ml for the aqueous fraction). These results suggest the use of I. imperati as an anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic agent in traditional medicine. Correspondence

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In vivo and in vitro antiinflammatory activity of saikosaponins

Cited by 133 publications

References 33 publications

Preventive Effects of a Kampo Medicine, Shosaikoto, on Inflammatory Responses in LPS-Treated Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Preventive Effects of a Kampo Medicine, Shosaikoto, on Inflammatory Responses in LPS-Treated Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Isolation of Saponins with the Inhibitory Effect on Nitric Oxide, Prostaglandin E2 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-.ALPHA. Production from Pleurospermum kamtschaticum

Anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic activity of Ipomoea imperati (Vahl) Griseb (Convolvulaceae)

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