In vivo and in vitro protective effect of arginine against intestinal inflammatory response induced by Clostridium perfringens in broiler chickens

Zhang, Beibei; Gan, Liping; Shahid, Muhammad; Lv, Zengpeng; Fan, Hao; Liu, Dan; Guo, Yuming

doi:10.1186/s40104-019-0371-4

Cited by 40 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The main transporters for Arg influx are cationic amino acid transporters that influence the intracellular concentration of Arg (Lu et al., 2013). Additionally, numerical decrease in jejunal CAT‐1 is consistent with another study (Zhang et al., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Expression of selected genes encoding mechanistic pathways, nutrient and amino acid transporters in jejunum and ileum of broiler chickens fed a reduced protein diet supplemented with arginine, glutamine and glycine under stress stimulated by dexamethasone

Barekatain

Chrystal

Gilani

et al. 2020

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Reducing crude protein and supplementation with synthetic amino acids in poultry nutrition is a recent trend to avoid wastage of protein and ammonia in production systems. Stress has been shown to impair intestinal barrier and increase inflammatory response. This study was performed on intestinal tissues of broiler chickens to understand the mechanism of stress induced by a synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX) and the effect of supplementation of arginine, glutamine and glycine in reduced protein diets. Intestinal tissue samples from a previous study were utilized. Male Ross 308 chickens received a basal diet for the first seven days and then fed with crude protein that was reduced to 194 g/kg in grower experimental diets supplemented with glutamine, glycine and additional arginine at 10, 10 and 5 g/kg respectively. Half of the 96 individual birds were injected with DEX (0.5 mg/kg body weight) or saline on days 14, 16, 18 and 20 of age. mRNA expression for jejunum and ileum for amino acid transporters (y+LAT‐1, Bo,+AT, EAAT‐3 and CAT‐1), mechanistic genes (SGLT‐1, mTOR, IAP and FABP‐2) and pro‐inflammatory genes (MUC‐2, NF‐κB, iNOS, IL‐8 and IL‐1β) were analysed using real‐time PCR. The results showed that DEX decreased y+ LAT1 in jejunum, Bo,+AT and EAAT‐3 in ileum. Arginine increased CAT‐1 in the jejunum and ileum under DEX treatment. Through an interaction, DEX reduced IAP in jejunum of glycine and arginine supplemented group and reduced mTOR in jejunum independently. DEX reduced MUC‐2 and iNOS in jejunum and increased iNOS and IL8 in the ileum. Amino acid supplementation did not appear to ameliorate these effects; however, there were some positive effects of glycine on NF‐κB and arginine through increased CAT‐1. Mechanistic understanding of amino acid supplementation in broiler diets warrants further research particularly when dietary protein is reduced below the level tested in the present study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Expression of selected genes encoding mechanistic pathways, nutrient and amino acid transporters in jejunum and ileum of broiler chickens fed a reduced protein diet supplemented with arginine, glutamine and glycine under stress stimulated by dexamethasone

Barekatain

Chrystal

Gilani

et al. 2020

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…However, supplementation of C. butyricum lowered the upregulation of TGFB1, IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α observed in NE infection. Our ndings support the increase in cytokine secretion after the addition of probiotics or food additives that can reduce in ammation after pathogens infection in broilers and pigs [6,7,12,43]. This result shows that an increase of immune factors caused by NE owing to C. perfringens stimulates the in ammatory immune response in the intestine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

WITHDRAWN: Effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum supplementation on growth performance, intestinal barrier function, immune response, and intestinal permeability in broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis

Xu¹,

Yang²,

Olajide³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Necrotic enteritis (NE), which is caused by Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens), is an economically important disease in broiler. Among normal flora in the broiler intestinal, Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) has been identified as a probiotic agent that reduces the susceptibility of broilers to C. perfringens. It also promotes the repair of broiler intestinal damage from harmful intestinal pathogens. However, the effects of C. butyricum infection on broiler intestinal integrity during NE are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of C. butyricum on the growth performance, intestinal morphology and barrier function, and the functions of immune-related cytokines under NE in broilers. Results Infected group (PC) showed significant decrease in the average daily gain (ADG, p < 0.01) and increase in feed conversion ratio (FCR, p < 0.01) compared with C. butyricum (NECB1 and NECB2) through dietary supplement. Supplementation of C. butyricum (NECB1 and NECB2) restored the intestinal villus height, increased the crypt depth, and reduced the intestinal damage under NE. Furthermore, broilers infected with NE (PC) had higher serum IgA and endotoxin content, and after addition with C. butyricum (NECB1 and NECB2) returned to normal level. In addition, compared with PC, supplementation of C. butyricum (NECB1 and NECB2) restored intestinal barrier function-related genes (such as CLDN-1, CLDN-3, OCLN, MUC2, ZO-1, and CLDN5), cytokines (such as TNF-α, IL-10, IL-6, and TGFB1) and C. perfringens plc gene expression. Moreover, C. butyricum (NECB1 and NECB2) could restore the decrease in Gt (p < 0.01) and Isc caused by NE (PC). In addition, NECB2 reduced the upregulation of FD4 flux caused by NE infection (p < 0.01). Conclusion Dietary supplementation of C. butyricum into broilers with NE improved chicken growth performance, intestinal morphology, intestinal barrier function, and immune function. Notably, no statistical difference was observed with the addition of C. butyricum at different time points.

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“…The data on the activity of bacterial extracellular enzymes ( Table 5 ) indicated that Arg was more effective in promoting the extracellular activity of bacterial enzymes than Lys. According to Zhang et al [ 46 ], an increased inclusion rate of Arg (3 g/kg higher than that recommended for Arbor Acres broiler chickens by the NRC) counteracted circulating Arg deficiency in C. perfringens -challenged chickens, which may indicate that in our study, larger amounts of this AA were available for stimulating the glycolytic activity of bacteria in turkeys fed high-Arg diets. The increased glycolytic activity of gut microbiota may be indicative of their better adaptation for energy uptake from the available substrates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

Increased Dietary Inclusion Levels of Lysine Are More Effective than Arginine in Supporting the Functional Status of the Gut in Growing Turkeys

Konieczka

Mikulski

Ognik

et al. 2021

Animals

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Arginine (Arg) and lysine (Lys) may be important for the overall health of turkeys. The aim of this study was to determine whether low (consistent with the guidelines) and high (10% higher than recommended) levels of dietary Arg and Lys can modulate performance and the functional status of the gut. Female turkeys were allocated to four dietary treatments (two levels of Lys (low or high) and two levels of Arg (low or high)) for a 16 wk feeding period. The treatments did not affect turkey performance determined separately for four feeding phases and for the entire 16 wk experiment (p > 0.05). They had no significant influence on carcass yield, meat characteristics or the associated traits either (p > 0.05). High-Lys diets contributed to a decrease in cecal pH, a significant increase in the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and a decrease in the concentrations of putrefactive SCFA and ammonia in the cecum. High dietary levels of both amino acids significantly enhanced the activity of cecal microbiota evaluated based on extracellular enzyme activity. These findings indicate that the higher dietary level of Lys was more effective in modulating the physiological status of the gut in turkeys than Arg.

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In vivo and in vitro protective effect of arginine against intestinal inflammatory response induced by Clostridium perfringens in broiler chickens

Cited by 40 publications

References 55 publications

Expression of selected genes encoding mechanistic pathways, nutrient and amino acid transporters in jejunum and ileum of broiler chickens fed a reduced protein diet supplemented with arginine, glutamine and glycine under stress stimulated by dexamethasone

Expression of selected genes encoding mechanistic pathways, nutrient and amino acid transporters in jejunum and ileum of broiler chickens fed a reduced protein diet supplemented with arginine, glutamine and glycine under stress stimulated by dexamethasone

WITHDRAWN: Effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum supplementation on growth performance, intestinal barrier function, immune response, and intestinal permeability in broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis

Increased Dietary Inclusion Levels of Lysine Are More Effective than Arginine in Supporting the Functional Status of the Gut in Growing Turkeys

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