In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluation of the Therapeutic Potential of Some Turkish Scorzonera Species as Wound Healing Agent

Abstract

Wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects of aerial parts and roots of S. acuminata, S. cana var. alpina, S. cana var. jacquiniana, S. cana var. radicosa, S. eriophora, S. laciniata ssp. laciniata, S. suberosa ssp. suberosa and S. sublanata were investigated in current study to clarify the traditional usage of Scorzonera species growing in Turkey. It is well known that some species of the Scorzonera genus are used for wound healing in Turkish and European traditional medicine. Therefore, wound healing effect of the plants was assessed by using linear incision and circular excision experimental wound models and subsequently histopathological analysis. Hydroxyproline content of the treated tissues was also assessed. Furthermore, the extracts were screened for anti-hyaluronidase activity. For the evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity, acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability test was used. 20% aqueous methanol extracts of the aerial parts of Scorzonera species, S. cana var. jacquiniana and S. eriophora were found to be effective on the wound and anti-inflammatory activity test models. The results of histopathological examination supported the outcome of linear incision and circular excision wound models. Phytochemical analyses of the tested extracts were also performed by using developed and validated HPLC method. Among the tested standard compounds, varying amounts of the chlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperoside and luteolin-7-glycoside were determined in Scorzonera species.

Turkish Scorzonera Species Extracts Attenuate Cytokine Secretion via Inhibition of NF-κB Activation, Showing Anti-Inflammatory Effect in Vitro

“…The HPLC method described by Küpeli Akkol et al was improved and used [22]. The results of our analyses confirmed the presence of compounds observed previously (hyperoside (2) and chlorogenic acid (8) [22][23][24]), and further chromatographic separation and later HPLC analysis also confirmed the presence of other phenols (1, 3-7). According to the results, all Scorzonera extracts analyzed contain chlorogenic acid (8) as one of the main compound [22].…”

“…1 and Ex. 3) and previous assays showing relatively high content of phenolics [22][23][24], together with our qualitative HPLC analysis and literature reports about the activity of content compounds lead us to idea of testing the isolated content compounds. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-nociceptive activities of chlorogenic acid (8) have previously been reported [2,32,33].…”

“…Mouse ear edema induced with topically-applied TPA is also an excellent acute inflammation animal model, closely related with the infiltration of neutrophil and macrophages, the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-1β, and the generation of ROS including superoxide anion [26]. The anti-inflammatory activity was assayed also by acetic acid-induced capillary permeability test [24] and S. latifolia, S. tomentosa, S. mollis ssp. szowitsii showed potent effect.…”

“…In order to verify traditional usage of Scorzonera species, anti-nocieptive, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activities have been evaluated and promising results have been obtained in our previous research [21][22][23][24]. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the ability of Scorzonera extracts to inhibit TNF-α and IL-1β production and NF-κB nuclear translocation in LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophages, which may be responsible for the observed anti-inflammatory activity.…”

“…and Mey.) DC., S. parviflora Jocq., and S. tomentosa L., which displayed potent anti-inflammatory activity in vivo test models in our previous researches were selected for activity tests [22][23][24]. HPLC analysis of the tested Scorzonera extracts was also performed with aim to elucidate their composition.…”