In this study, a chitosan-based, self-assembled
nanosystem that codelivered microRNA34a (miR34a) and doxorubicin (Dox)
with hyaluronic acid (HA) modification (named CCmDH NPs) was developed
to reverse the resistance of breast cancer (BCa) cells to Dox. The
CCmDH NPs had a diameter of 180 ± 8.3 nm and a ζ potential
of 16.5 mV with a slow-release effect for 96 h. The codelivery system
could protect miR34a from nuclease and serum degradation and transport
miR34a and Dox into drug-resistant MCF-7/A cells. In addition, the
CCmDH NPs could inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis by regulating
the protein expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and poly(ADP-ribose)
polymerase (PARP) and inhibit invasion, metastasis, and adhesion by
regulating E-cadherin, N-cadherin, MMP2, CD44, and Snail molecules.
The CCmDH NPs induced a 73.7% tumor reduction in xenograft tumor growth
in nude mice in vivo. This study provides evidence
for the anticancer activity of CCmDH NPs carrying Dox and miR34a in
BCa, especially metastatic Dox-resistant BCa models.