In Vitro Toxic Effect of Biomaterials Coated with Silver Tungstate or Silver Molybdate Microcrystals

Abstract

Purpose. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of antimicrobial silver tungstate (Ag2WO4) or silver molybdate (Ag2MoO4) microcrystals coating biomaterials. Materials and Methods. The coating procedure was performed onto titanium, zirconia, and acrylic resin specimens. Eluates of the coated specimens were obtained, which were used for cytotoxicity analyses, including Alamar Blue, MTT, and CytoTox-ONE tests. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test (α = 0.05). The results of each experimental group were also compared to those of the control of living cells, taken as 100% cell viability. Results. In general, it was observed that the percentage of living cells from all biomaterials coated with both microcrystals was statistically different compared to the ones from the uncoated sample groups, except for the results from MTT of specimens of Ti coated with α-Ag2MoO4. All uncoated biomaterials were classified as noncytotoxic by the three assays used in the present study. It was observed that the microcrystals in solution were strongly cytotoxic, with death of almost 100% of cells, from the analysis of the results of the Alamar Blue assay. Conclusion. The most biomaterials coated with both microcrystals showed some degree of cytotoxicity in the different assays. The results described herein should be seen as an alert to the use of microcrystals, which can expose patients to health risks.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Flower Extract of Abelmoschus esculentus for Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Studies

“…The cytotoxicity of AgNPs to cell lines was reported to be due to the cellular uptake of nanoparticles through pinocytosis and endocytosis. 47 It has been reported that a cell viability below 50% indicates that NPs are cytotoxic. 48 , 49 The size of the nanoparticles and the plant extract surface coating promoted the cytotoxicity.…”

Biosynthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticles From the Leaf Extract of Premna Intigrifolia L. As a Potential Anticancer Agent

“…Because nanoparticles are taken up by cells by pinocytosis and endocytosis, Silver Nanoparticles have been shown to be harmful to cell lines [45]. According to one investigation, NPs are cytotoxic when cell viability is less than 50% [46].…”

Polyplexes of retinoic acid: an in vitro study of complex nanostructures against colorectal cancer cell line (HCT-15)

“…The plate was supplemented with DMEM and 10 % FBS along with samples dissolved in DMSO (100 mg/mL), diluted further to achieve 1 mg/mL using distilled water to obtain a serial concentrations of 100 μg/mL, 200 μg/mL, 400 μg/mL, 800 μg/mL and aliquots of 10 µL and added later to the microtiter wells of 90 µL of medium and the final active concentration was of 10 μg/mL, 20 μg/mL, 40 μg/mL and 80 μg/mL. The plate was incubated at 37°C with 5% CO 2 , 95% air and 100% RH for 24 h. The plate was read at 570 nm to obtain the absorbance by conversion of MTT to formazan used to calculate the cell growth concentrations using given formula [16][17][18][19]. 3 Results…”