In vitro tetraploid induction from leaf explants of Populus pseudo-simonii Kitag.

Abstract

Tetraploid plants were produced from leaf explants of diploid Populus pseudo-simonii by treating the leaves with colchicine. Leaf explants were cultured on MS basal medium containing 1.78 μM BA and 1.08 μM NAA for 0, 6 and 12 days, and then transferred to the same MS liquid medium with colchicine at concentrations of 25, 50 and 75 μM for 1, 2 and 3 days. The highest efficiency of tetraploid induction was 14.6% by treating leaf explants that were pre-cultured for 6 days and then cultured in liquid MS with 50 μM colchicine for 3 days. Flow cytometric analysis was used to screen the tetraploids out from the regenerated plants and chromosome number counting was employed to confirm the polyploidy level. Size and frequency of leaf stomata between diploid and tetraploid plants were demonstrated to have significant differences.

In Vitro Tetraploid Induction from Leaf and Petiole Explants of Hybrid Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua × Liquidambar formosana)

“…Morphological mutation has been found in tetraploid plantlets. Interestingly, this phenomenon has appeared in herbs, fruit and timber trees [9,11,18]. In this paper, we investigated the effects of explant type, genotype, pre-incubation time, exposure time in colchicine and concentration of colchicine.…”

“…Moreover, many explant types have been used as materials for in vitro polyploidy induction, such as leaves [8], petioles [15], calluses [12], shoots [16], hypocotyl segments, and cotyledonary nodes [17]. Although leaves and petioles are not used commonly as explants for tetraploid induction, they exhibit a high tetraploid-inducing rate and low number of mixoploids, indicating that they can be used for efficient polyploidy breeding [9,18]. We have improved the media that were applied to the in vitro regeneration of L. styraciflua [19,20] and L. formosana [21], and the modified medium was suitable for establishing an efficient regeneration system from leaves and petioles of hybrid sweetgum (L. styraciflua × L. formosana).…”

“…In vitro regeneration using the reproductive organs of woody plants has been successful in many species. Induction of tetraploidy has been successful in a number of species, including Populus [8,9], Paulownia tomentosa [10], and Citrus [11]. Unlike meiotic (sexual) chromosome doubling, in vitro asexual polyploidy breeding is not limited by season, and it benefits from a low mixoploids-inducing rate; it has been applied widely in forestry breeding.…”

Breeding triploid aspen and poplar clones for biomass production

“…Colchicine has been used for the production of tetraploids in different woody plants (VÄINÖLÄ, 2000;LIU et al, 2007;TANG et al, 2010). For poplar, tetraploid induction using colchicine treatment has been reported for the sections Populus (EWALD et al, 2009) andTacamahaca (CAI andKANG, 2011).…”

Response of Organ Structure and Physiology to Autotetraploidization in Early Development of Energy Willow Salix viminalis

“…], black locust [Robinia pseudoacacia], Paulownia spp., and birch [Betula spp. ]), doubling the chromosome set by colchicine treatment can cause significant changes in organ morphology or growth parameters (Tang et al, 2010;Cai and Kang, 2011;Harbard et al, 2012;Mu et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2013aWang et al, , 2013b. In several polyploidization protocols, the in vitro cultured tissues are exposed to different doses of colchicine or other inhibitors of mitotic microtubule function, and plantlets are differentiated from polyploid somatic cells (Tang et al, 2010;Cai and Kang, 2011).…”