In Vitro Study Regarding the Biomechanical Behaviour of Bone, Fibre Reinforced Polymer and Wire Composite Perio-dontal Splints. Model Analysis

Abstract

This paper is the second part of a study regarding the biomechanical behaviour of mandibular bone in the context of different periodontal splinting systems, occlusal forces and load distributions. Electric resistive tensometry method was used to measure the strains developed in mandibular bone replica. The tests were carried out on six mandibular acrylic models, each with 8 natural teeth. The experimental groups were defined corresponding to the bone condition and splint type: normal height bone; bone resorption without splint; bone resorption and wire-composite splint; bone resorption and polyethylene fiber-reinforced composite splint. Each sample was subjected to three similar loading cycles, the force being applied successively on four incisors, two central incisors and canines, and the specific deformation values were read for four loading forces: 30 N, 50 N, 100 N and 150 N. In case of bone loss, the bone deformations are up to 110%. Periodontal splinting redistribute forces, reducing incisors bone strains associated with a slight increase in canine bone strains.

Experimental EDX analysis of different periodontal splinting systems

“…Thus, the stresses on the bone in the case of incisors were higher in the polyethylene fiber tapes compared to those containing metal wires, this being attributed to the more elastic behavior of the polyethylene fibers. When the force was applied to the canines, higher stresses were identified in the case of metal immobilization systems ( 14 ).…”