In Vitro Study of Two Edible Polygonoideae Plants: Phenolic Profile, Cytotoxicity, and Modulation of Keap1-Nrf2 Gene Expression

Abstract

Polygonum aviculare and Persicaria amphibia (subfam. Polygonoideae) are used in traditional cuisines and folk medicine in various cultures. Previous studies indicated that phytochemicals obtained from Polygonoideae plants could sensitize chemoresistant cancer cells and enhance the efficacy of some cytostatics. Here, the cytotoxic properties of chemically characterized ethanol extracts obtained from P. aviculare and P. amphibia, individually and in combination with doxorubicin (D), were determined against hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. Phenolic composition, cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and the expression of Keap1 and Nrf2 were examined by following methods: LC-MS/MS, LC-DAD-MS, MTT, flow cytometry, and qRT-PCR. Extracts were rich in dietary polyphenolics. Synergistic cytotoxicity was detected for extracts combined with D. The observed synergisms are linked to the interference with apoptosis, cell cycle, and expression of Keap1-Nrf2 genes involved in cytoprotection. The combined approach of extracts and D could emerge as a potential pathway of chemotherapy improvement.

Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activity of Proanthocyanidins from Fagopyrum dibotrys

“…Seven species of common Polygonaceae plants, including Fagopyrum dibotrys [ 10 , 13 , 14 ], Fallopia multiflora [ 40 , 41 ], Polygonum aviculare [ 42 , 43 , 44 ], Polygonum orientale [ 45 , 46 ], Reynoutria japonica [ 11 ], Rheum officinale [ 12 ], and Rumex acetosa [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ] were kindly supplied by Bozhou Chinese herbal medicine market in Anhui province (Anhui, China) and identified by Prof. Z.S. Liang, Northwest A&F University.…”

Elucidation of the Anticancer Mechanism of Durian Fruit (Durio zibethinus) Pulp Extract in Human Leukemia (HL-60) Cancer Cells

“…Flavonoids show anticancer properties, both in vivo and in vitro, which also include antileukemic activities [ 11 ]. Inhibition of the proliferation of cancer cells is the consequence of stimulation of apoptosis and disruption of the cell cycle [ 28 ]. Apoptosis is a coordinated process involving the synergistic and opposing actions of several oncogenes and oncoproteins.…”

Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds: Exploring Neuroprotective, Metabolic, and Hepatoprotective Effects for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

“…Individually employed, PEA was more effective in in vitro tests with HepG2 cells than POA. In a mix, POAD generated higher sensitivity of HepG2 cells in lower tested concentrations than PEAD [76].…”

“…In the work of Jovanović and colleagues, the cytotoxic properties against hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells were ascertained, and the ethanolic extracts acquired from P. aviculare (POA) and P. amphibia (PEA), either independently or combined with doxorubicin (D), were chemically characterized [76].…”

“…PEA is characterized by a high concentration of aglycones, such as quercetin (5.50 mg/g DE), and a substantial presence of quercetin derivatives, including quercetin-3-O-galactoside (11.90mg/g DE), quercetin-3-O-L-rhamnoside (9.79mg/g DE), and quercetin-3-O-glucoside (1.49mg/g DE). PEA is also notably rich in free gallic acid (3.49mg/g DE) and epigallocatechin gallate (1.28mg/g DE) [76].…”