In vitro study of the scolicidal effects of Echinometra mathaei spine and shell extracts on hydatid cyst protoscolices

Navvabi, Azita; Homaei, Ahmad; Khademvatan, Shahram; Ansari, Mohammad Hassan Khadem; Keshavarz, Mousa

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2019.05.009

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition, the extract from spines showed 80% activation of caspase-3, while the extract from tests showed 60% activation. Caspase-3 is a key effector in the process of apoptosis, acting by amplifying the caspase activator signal (such as caspase-8) ( Navvabi et al, 2019 ). This executioner enzyme breaks down proteins including poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase family member-16 (PARP-16); procaspases 6, 7 and 9; protein kinase C gamma; and delta and beta catenin, leading to cell death.…”

Section: Survey Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea urchins: an update on their pharmacological properties

Moreno-García

Salas-Rojas

Fernández-Martínez

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Sea urchins are a group of benthic invertebrates characterized by having rigid globose bodies, covered in spines, and have an innate immune system that has allowed them to survive in the environment and defend against many pathogens that affect them. They are consumed for their unique flavor, but also for possessing a rich source of bioactive compounds which make them a source for a wide array of medicinal properties. Thus, these may be used to discover and develop new drugs such as anti-bacterials, anti-carcinogenics and anti-virals. Precisely for those reasons, this revision is centered on the known biological activities in various sea urchin species. Recently, the potential pharmacological benefits of nine sea urchin species [Diadema antillarum (Philippi 1845), Echinometra mathaei (de Blainville), Evechinus chloroticus (Valenciennes), Mesocentrotus nudus (Agassiz, 1863), Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816), Scaphechinus mirabilis (Agazzis, 1863), Stomopneustes variolaris (Lamarck, 1816), Tripneustes depressus (Agassiz, 1863), and Tripneustes ventricosus (Lamarck, 1816)] have been evaluated. Our work includes a comprehensive review of the anti-fungal, anti-parasitic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-viral, anti-diabetic, anti-lipidemic, gastro-protective and anti-cardiotoxic effects. Furthermore, we revised the compounds responsible of these pharmacological effects. This work was intended for a broad readership in the fields of pharmacology, drugs and devices, marine biology and aquaculture, fisheries and fish science. Our results suggest that organic extracts, as well as pure compounds obtained from several parts of sea urchin bodies are effective in vitro and in vivo pharmacological models. As such, these properties manifest the potential use of sea urchins to develop emergent active ingredients.

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Section: Survey Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea urchins: an update on their pharmacological properties

Moreno-García

Salas-Rojas

Fernández-Martínez

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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“…Viable PCs (3000/ml) were cultivated in PBS (pH 7.4) without the addition of either antibiotics or antifungals at 37°C, as described previously [ 48 ]. The tested PCs were grouped as follows: (i) Eug at final concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 μl/ml; (ii) Eug-NE 10% at final concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 μl/ml; and (iii) ABZ sulfoxide as a positive control at 800 μg/ml.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the scolicidal activities of eugenol essential oil and its nanoemulsion against protoscoleces of hydatid cysts

et al. 2021

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Background Cystic echinococcosis caused by the cestode Echinococcus granulosus remains a serious helminthic zoonosis affecting humans and animals in many endemic developing countries. Surgical intervention is the best management choice, although it is associated with high recurrence rates and serious complications. Also, the commonly used chemotherapeutics exhibited serious side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the protoscolicidal effects of eugenol (Eug) essential oil and its nanoemulsion (Eug-NE) against protoscoleces (PCs) of hydatid cysts in vitro. Methods Eug-NE was prepared and characterized. Their cytotoxicity on macrophages was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. E. granulosus PCs were treated with various concentrations of Eug and Eug-NE at different exposure times. The viability of protoscoleces was evaluated by the eosin exclusion test, and the changes in the morphology of protoscoleces were assessed. Albendazole (ABZ) was used as a positive control. Results The cellular cytotoxicity of Eug and Eug-NE on macrophage cells, in minimum and maximum concentrations (0.2 and 1 μl/mL), were nearly negligible ranging from 4.7% to 8.3% and 3.7% to 7.2%, respectively. The results showed highly significant activity of Eug-NE and Eug against hydatid PCs compared to ABZ (P < 0.05). Eug and Eug-NE have similar protoscolicidal effects at all used concentrations. Their highest scolicidal activity (100% mortality rate) was recorded at 1 μl/ml after 30 min incubation (LC50 = 0.298—LC90 = 0.521 and LC50 = 0.309—LC90 = 0.646, respectively). Both formulations showed time- and dose-dependent effects. Conclusions This study suggested the potent scolicidal activities of Eug and Eug-NE as promising alternative scolicidal agents. Future studies are recommended to explore the mechanism of action and treatment response in vivo and clinical settings.

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“…Many efforts have been made to discover a scolicidal substance from different sources, including plants and microorganisms, as well as from the extracts of marine bioactive compounds [15][16][17]. Sanguinarine is a potential drug candidate and an alkaloid compound isolated from the roots of Sanguinaria canadensis and the seeds of Argemone mexicana, Poppy fumaria, Bocconia frutescens, Chelidonium majus, and Macleaya cordata.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in silico scolicidal effect of sanguinarine on the hydatid cyst protoscoleces

Hassanzadeh,

Khademvatan,

Jafari

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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We aimed to investigate the scolicidal effects of sanguinarine on hydatid cyst protoscoleces (PSCs) in vitro and in silico. Different targets were docked into the active sites of sanguinarine. Molecular docking processes and visualization of interactions were performed using AutoDock Vina and Discovery Studio Visualizer. Binding energy was calculated and compared (kcal/mol). PSCs were aspirated from the hydatid cysts and washed. The sediments of PSCs were then exposed to various concentrations (50, 25, 12, 6, 3, and 1 μg/mL) of sanguinarine. The viability test was finally evaluated by the Trypan blue solution 4%. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase were analyzed to assess the level of oxidative stress-treated PSCs. Caspase-3 activity rate was determined to evaluate cell apoptosis in treated PSCs. Among the receptors, acetylcholinesterase was identified as the excellent target, with Vina score of -11.8. Sanguinarine showed high scolicidal effects after 12, 24, and 48 h. Also, in the first hour of exposure to the drug, caspase-3 activity and MDA level significantly increased, but the levels of GSH and GPx had a significant reduction after 12, 24, and 48 h (P < 0.05). The findings of this study revealed that sanguinarine have potent scolicidal effects in vitro and in silico and could be considered an opportunity for the introduction of a novel and safe therapeutic agent for the treatment of cystic echinococcosis. However, supplementary studies will be desired to prove the current findings by examining sanguinarine in a clinical setting.

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In vitro study of the scolicidal effects of Echinometra mathaei spine and shell extracts on hydatid cyst protoscolices

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Sea urchins: an update on their pharmacological properties

Sea urchins: an update on their pharmacological properties

Evaluation of the scolicidal activities of eugenol essential oil and its nanoemulsion against protoscoleces of hydatid cysts

In vitro and in silico scolicidal effect of sanguinarine on the hydatid cyst protoscoleces

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