In Vitro Study of Surface Modified Poly(ethylene glycol)-Impregnated Sintered Bovine Bone Scaffolds on Human Fibroblast Cells

Abstract

Scaffold design from xenogeneic bone has the potential for tissue engineering (TE). However, major difficulties impede this potential, such as the wide range of properties in natural bone. In this study, sintered cortical bones from different parts of a bovine-femur impregnated with biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) binder by liquid phase adsorption were investigated. Flexural mechanical properties of the PEG-treated scaffolds showed that the scaffold is stiffer and stronger at a sintering condition of 1000°C compared with 900°C. In vitro cytotoxicity of the scaffolds evaluated by Alamar Blue assay and microscopic tests on human fibroblast cells is better at 1000°C compared with that at 900°C. Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and flexural property of scaffolds derived from different parts of a femur depend on morphology and heat-treatment condition. Therefore, the fabricated scaffolds from the distal and proximal parts at 1000°C are potential candidates for hard and soft TE applications, respectively.

Surface Adsorption of Polyethylene Glycol to Suppress Dendrite Formation on Zinc Anodes in Rechargeable Aqueous Batteries

“…Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to probe the interaction between the PEG molecules and the zinc surface . Few stretching vibrations were observed that are specific to the PEG200 polymer: a large vibration between 3600 cm −1 and 3200 cm −1 representing hydroxyl stretching, ∼1400 cm −1 corresponding to C−H bending and scissoring, ∼1160 cm −1 for the symmetric C−O‐C stretching, ∼1100 cm −1 indicating C−O stretching, ∼1060 cm −1 denoting CO−C axial deformation, and ∼966 cm −1 signifying C−C stretching ,. Zinc electrodes were exposed to several types of electrochemical tests to investigate the response of PEG in the electrolyte.…”

Design and Development for Capacitive Humidity Sensor Applications of Lead-Free Ca,Mg,Fe,Ti-Oxides-Based Electro-Ceramics with Improved Sensing Properties via Physisorption

“…An X-ray diffractometer (Empyrean, PANalytical, Almelo, The Netherlands) was used to obtain the different X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the developed electro-ceramics using Cu-Kα radiation in the 2θ range of 20°–50°. Density ( ρ , g/cc), open porosity (%), and water absoption (%) ability of electro-ceramics were measured following Equations (1)–(3), respectively, with the help of a modified Archimedes’ principle as highlighted in our previous studies [42,43]: $\rho =\frac{W_{bi}}{W_{ai}-W_{di}}\times {\rho }_{water}^{25°\mathrm{C}}$ $P_{open}=\frac{W_{ai}-W_{bi}}{W_{ai}-W_{di}}\times 100$ $\text{Absorbed water}=\frac{W_{ai}-W_{bi}}{W_{bi}}\times 100$ where W bi , W di and W ai represent the initial dry weights of the samples in air before immersion in water, in water during immersion in water, and in air after immersion in water, respectively. The resolution of the weighing machine was ±0.0005 g. At least five identical specimens were prepared to calculate the standard deviation (SD) of all the sintered samples, where ${\rho }_{\text{water}}^{25°\mathrm{C}}$ represents the water density at tested temperature 25 °C.…”

Synthesis and Characterizations of Novel Ca-Mg-Ti-Fe-Oxides Based Ceramic Nanocrystals and Flexible Film of Polydimethylsiloxane Composite with Improved Mechanical and Dielectric Properties for Sensors

“…In the case of humidity measurement, it is also important to measure a high precision porosity of small specimens [30]. The pore size distribution (PSD) of unsintered and sintered (1050 °C) materials was analyzed from the inverted images of their corresponding FESEM micrographs using ImageJ software 1.46 r, as this technique is considered the best method for studying the porosity of ceramic–polymer composites [31]. Density (ρ, g/cc), open porosity (%), and absorbed water or water absoption (%) present in the porous materials were measured in water following Equations (1)–(3), respectively, using modified Archimedes’ principle explored in our previous studies [32,33].…”