In vitro study of iron doped hydroxyapatite

Abstract

The effect of iron substitution on the bioactivity of hydroxyapatite (HAp) under the physiological conditions was investigated. Five samples of iron doped hydroxyapatite (FeHAp) with different iron concentrations (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mol%) were synthesized by wet chemical method. The formation of bone-like apatite layer on the surface of the samples was detected using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope techniques. The changes of the pH of SBF medium were measured at pre-determined time intervals using a pH meter. The dissolution of calcium, phosphorus and iron ions in SBF medium was determined by single beam scanning spectrophotometer. XRD and FTIR results exhibit the formation of carbonate apatite layer on the surface of the immersed samples, which increase with the increase of iron content. SEM results showed agglomeration of small crystals on the surface of the immersed samples. The solubility and dissolution tests revealed that iron doped HAp samples had a higher solubility and dissolution rate than pure sample, which indicated that iron increased the bioactivity of HAp in vitro.

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“…The peaks observed at 1,486, 1,459, 1,420, 1,424, and 872 cm −1 correspond to the carbonate (CO32-) groups, which indicated its substitution at PO4-3 (B-site) and OH positions (A-site) in the HAp lattice. The substitution of CO32- in the OH group might result in an increased length of the unit cell toward the a-axis and a decline toward c-axis, as reported previously (44). Similarly, the peaks for stretching vibrations due to OH group were present at 3,570 cm −1 and 630 cm −1 (45, 46) in all spectra of HAp, Se-HAp, and CC/Se-HAp samples while its intensity was relatively low in the spectrum for Se-HAp nanocomposite.…”

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“…At the risk of over-interpretation, the evidence above (see also [64]) may show a paucity of Si and Mg in OA and also in some OP locations. The extent to which such trace elements are instrumental in directly influencing bone salt biology is not clear, although recent reports are compelling (for example, [24] [65]). Their elevation in young adult and more histologically dynamic bone in comparison with elderly less dynamic OP or elderly and dynamically misdirected OA may be fundamental.…”

“…This is exemplified by Mg ( [22]; above or below its dietary recommendation results in abnormal bone morphology and chemical composition), and by Si ( [23]; with a bacterial evolutionary history). Similarly hydroxyapatite bioactivity is apparently influenced by Fe [24]. It follows that there may be useful insight to be gained from the continuing "need to relate chemical observations to biological function" [25].…”