In vitro studies of the antibacterial activity of Copaifera spp. oleoresins, sodium hypochlorite, and peracetic acid against clinical and environmental isolates recovered from a hemodialysis unit

Abstract

BackgroundPatients submitted to hemodialysis therapy are more susceptible to infection, especially to infection by Gram-positive bacteria. Various research works have attempted to discover new antimicrobial agents from plant extracts and other natural products.MethodsThe present study aimed to assess the antibacterial activities of Copaifera duckei, C. reticulata, and C. oblongifolia oleoresins; sodium hypochlorite; and peracetic acid against clinical and environmental isolates recovered from a Hemodialysis Unit. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and the Fractionated Inhibitory Concentration Index were determined; the ability of the tested compounds/extracts to inhibit biofilm formation was evaluated by calculating the MICB50 and IC50.ResultsC. duckei was the most efficient among the assayed Copaifera species, and its oleoresin was more effective than peracetic acid and sodium hypochlorite. Copaifera oleoresins and disinfectants did not act synergistically at any of the tested combinations. Certain of C. duckei oleoresin, peracetic acid, and sodium hypochlorite concentrations inhibited biofilm formation and eradicated 50% of the biofilm population.ConclusionC. duckei oleoresin is a potential candidate for disinfectant formulations. Based on these results and given the high incidence of multi-resistant bacteria in hemodialysis patients, it is imperative that new potential antibacterial agents like C. duckei oleoresin, which is active against Staphylococcus, be included in disinfectant formulations.

Characteristics of Listeria Monocytogenes Strains Persisting in a Meat Processing Facility over a 4-Year Period

“…In contrast, others concluded that PAA was able to significantly reduce L. monocytogenes from multispecies biofilms at 0.15% [32] and 0.3% [30], respectively. The MIC of PAA for other organisms seemed to be much lower, in the range of 0.01–0.03% for Gram-positive and Gram-negative flora isolated from citrus fruit [33], 0.0003% for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa [34], and 0.0001–0.001% for P. aeruginosa , S. aureus , E. coli , and S. epidermidis [35]. Given the high tolerance of L. monocytogenes against PAA found in our data and by others, the ability of PAA to reduce L. monocytogenes from biofilms may primarily have been due to the elimination of the supporting flora in multispecies biofilms.…”

Copaifera spp. oleoresins impair Toxoplasma gondii infection in both human trophoblastic cells and human placental explants

“…The viability of BeWo cells treated with different concentrations of oleoresins was assessed by MTT colorimetric assay 81 . In summary, we tested four oleoresins from different species from Copaifera genus as follows: the oleoresins of Copaifera reticulata, Copaifera duckei, Copaifera paupera, and Copaifera pubiflora were solubilized in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and diluted in supplemented RPMI 1,640 medium to form a stock solution of 640 µg/mL 51,82 . BeWo cells were seeded at 3.0 × 10 4 cells/well in 96-well microplates.…”

“…Their oleoresins are obtained by tapping the trunk of trees and have been extensively studied because of its medicinal properties 49 . These oleoresins exhibit remarkable biological properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic activity [49][50][51][52][53] . However, no current studies investigated the impact of oleoresins from Copaifera genus in T. gondii infection.…”

Investigation of Safety Profile of Four Copaifera Species and of Kaurenoic Acid by Salmonella/Microsome Test

“…In relation to the various Copaifera species chemical composition, UPLC-MS/MS and CG/MS analyses of the oleoresins have identified acid diterpenes and major volatile sesquiterpenes, whereas high contents of phenolic compounds including flavonoid heterosides and galloylquinic acid derivatives have been verified in the leaves [30]. Among the oleoresin constituents, diterpenes are by far the main components and include ent -agathic acid, ent -copalic acid, and ent -kaurenoic acid, followed by sesquiterpenes like β -bisabolene, α -humulene, and trans- β -caryophyllene [30, 48]. In the case of Copaifera species leaf hydroalcoholic extracts, they contain mainly quercetin, afzelin, and quinic acids [30].…”