In vitro studies of DLC coatings with silicon intermediate layer

Butter, R.; Allen, Matthew J.; Chandra, L.; Lettington, Alan H.; Rushton, Neil

doi:10.1016/0925-9635(94)05280-8

Cited by 76 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The excellent biocompatibility of DLC films in orthopedic and cardiovascular applications has been demonstrated [166][167][168]. DLC coatings have been deposited on biomedical implants using various CVD methods [169][170][171][172]. Ianno et al reported the deposition of DLC on Ti-6Al-4V by PECVD intended for use in hip and knee prostheses.…”

Section: Chemical Vapor Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of titanium, titanium alloys, and related materials for biomedical applications

Liu

Chu

Ding

2004

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

3,023

1,477

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Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in biomedical devices and components, especially as hard tissue replacements as well as in cardiac and cardiovascular applications, because of their desirable properties, such as relatively low modulus, good fatigue strength, formability, machinability, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. However, titanium and its alloys cannot meet all of the clinical requirements. Therefore, in order to improve the biological, chemical, and mechanical properties, surface modification is often performed. This article reviews the various surface modification technologies pertaining to titanium and titanium alloys including mechanical treatment, thermal spraying, sol-gel, chemical and electrochemical treatment, and ion implantation from the perspective of biomedical engineering. Recent work has shown that the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and biological properties of titanium and titanium alloys can be improved selectively using the appropriate surface treatment techniques while the desirable bulk attributes of the materials are retained. The proper surface treatment expands the use of titanium and titanium alloys in the biomedical fields. Some of the recent applications are also discussed in this paper. #

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Section: Chemical Vapor Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of titanium, titanium alloys, and related materials for biomedical applications

Liu

Chu

Ding

2004

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

3,023

1,477

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“…Numerous in-vitro and in-vivo experiments have indicated that DLC can have both excellent biocompatibility and hemocompatibility [2][3][4][5]. In the past, the wettability of DLC coatings has been modified by selective doping using both metal and non-metal dopants [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalization of hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon films using open-air dielectric barrier discharge atmospheric plasma treatments

Endrino

Marco

Allen

et al. 2008

Applied Surface Science

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A dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) technique has been employed to produce uniform atmospheric plasmas of He and N 2 gas mixtures in open air in order to functionalize the surface of filtered-arc deposited hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon (DLC) films. XPS measurements were carried out on both untreated and He/N 2 DBD plasma treated DLC surfaces. Chemical states of the C 1s and N 1s peaks were collected and used to characterize the surface bonds. Contact angle measurements were also used to record the short-and long-term variations in wettability of treated and untreated DLC.In addition, cell viability tests were performed to determine the influence of various He/N 2 atmospheric plasma treatments on the attachment of osteoblast MC3T3 cells.Current evidence shows the feasibility of atmospheric plasmas in producing long-lasting variations in the surface bonding and surface energy of hydrogen-free DLC and consequently the potential for this technique in the functionalization of DLC coated devices. IntroductionIn a recent study it was shown that the nanoscale wettability of a hydrogenterminated diamond surface was lower than that of regions that had been oxidized using an atomic force microscope tip [1]. The difference in wettability between modified diamond surfaces suggests the application of control wettability of modified carbon surfaces in the fields of medicine and biotechnology, which could also be extended to diamond-like carbon films.Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films are known to be hard, low friction and chemically inert materials. Numerous in-vitro and in-vivo experiments have indicated that DLC can have both excellent biocompatibility and hemocompatibility [2][3][4][5]. In the past, the wettability of DLC coatings has been modified by selective doping using both metal and non-metal dopants [6][7][8]. For instance, both silicon and fluorine can be used to increase the surface energy and reduce the contact angle with water. In one study [6], researchers modified the surface energy of DLC by incorporating oxygen and silicon into the bonding network, thus avoiding the use of harmful fluorine-containing hydrocarbon gases. However, the silicon-containing DLC coatings had 20 times lower wear resistance than undoped DLC films. In other recent study [9], phosphorus-doped DLC films were deposited by applying hybrid plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (PIIID) techniques; the good wettability exhibited by P-doped DLC samples leads to an increase in hemocompatibility. However, in this study the mechanical properties of the modified films were not analyzed. In a different study [5], substrates with various substrate roughness were employed to investigate the attachment of human osteoblast cells to amorphous carbon films with different surface textures. This study concluded that cell attachment increased monotonically with surface roughness. However, smooth surfaces are critical in the vast majority of biomedical applications and topological functionalization of the surface cannot be seen as a wide-rang...

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“…However, physical and chemical influences on their biocompatibility have not yet been fully solved, as described in a review on about 90 different DLC materials [19]. Nevertheless, the cytotoxicity of DLC materials is very low with no in vitro effects on mouse macrophages, human fibroblasts, monocytes, osteoblasts [20,21] even under in vivo conditions in subcutaneous, bone and muscle tissue in guinea pig [22], sheep and rat models [23]). Doping DLC films with fluorine is favorable and results in antithrombotic effects and the suppression of platelet activation [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Permeation, Mechanical Behavior and Cytocompatibility of Ultrathin Pure and Doped Diamond-Like Carbon and Silicon Oxide Films

et al. 2013

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Protective ultra-thin barrier films gather increasing economic interest for controlling permeation and diffusion from the biological surrounding in implanted sensor and electronic devices in future medicine. Thus, the aim of this work was a benchmarking OPEN ACCESSCoatings 2013, 3 269 of the mechanical oxygen permeation barrier, cytocompatibility, and microbiological properties of inorganic ~25 nm thin films, deposited by vacuum deposition techniques on 50 µm thin polyetheretherketone (PEEK) foils. Plasma-activated chemical vapor deposition (direct deposition from an ion source) was applied to deposit pure and nitrogen doped diamond-like carbon films, while physical vapor deposition (magnetron sputtering in pulsed DC mode) was used for the formation of silicon as well as titanium doped diamond-like carbon films. Silicon oxide films were deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. The results indicate a strong influence of nanoporosity on the oxygen transmission rate for all coating types, while the low content of microporosity (particulates, etc.) is shown to be of lesser importance. Due to the low thickness of the foil substrates, being easily bent, the toughness as a measure of tendency to film fracture together with the elasticity index of the thin films influence the oxygen barrier. All investigated coatings are non-pyrogenic, cause no cytotoxic effects and do not influence bacterial growth.

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In vitro studies of DLC coatings with silicon intermediate layer

Cited by 76 publications

References 5 publications

Surface modification of titanium, titanium alloys, and related materials for biomedical applications

Surface modification of titanium, titanium alloys, and related materials for biomedical applications

Functionalization of hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon films using open-air dielectric barrier discharge atmospheric plasma treatments

Gas Permeation, Mechanical Behavior and Cytocompatibility of Ultrathin Pure and Doped Diamond-Like Carbon and Silicon Oxide Films

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