In vitro shoot multiplication as influenced by repeated subculturing of shoots of contemporary fruit rootstocks

Abstract

Vujović T., Ružić Dj., Cerović R., 2012. In vitro shoot multiplication as influenced by repeated subculturing of shoots of contemporary fruit rootstocks. Hort. Sci. (Prague), 39: 101-107.In vitro shoots of vegetative rootstocks for cherry (Gisela 5 and Gisela 6), plum (Fereley Jaspi) and pear (Pyrodwarf ) were repeatedly subcultured for 10 subcultures on Murashige and Skoog medium of unchanged hormonal composition. Shoot formation capacity decreased over repeated subculturing in all genotypes. The first significant decrease in multiplication index was observed after first subculture in Gisela 6 and Fereley Jaspi, while in Gisela 5 the decline occurred after second subculture, and remained at that level. As for Gisela 6 and Fereley Jaspi, multiplication index was mainly stable from second to forth subculture, whereupon the second decline in shoot formation was observed. Although Pyrodwarf showed very low multiplication capacity, shoot multiplication slightly increased over the first three subcultures and then declined. This irreversible decline could be due to residual effects of hormones. However, no visible morphological variations or aberrations of shoots were found in successive subcultures in any genotype. Quality of shoots in terms of shoot length varied during subculturing, but the highest quality was observed in later subcultures (from fifth subculture onwards). After subculturing, several media were evaluated for induction of rhizogenesis in order to achieve high rooting rates in tested rootstocks. The highest rooting ability (100%) among genotypes was observed in Fereley Jaspi, followed by Pyrodwarf and Gisela 6 (the best rooting percentage being 90% in both) and Gisela 5 (70%). Rooted shoots were successfully acclimatized under the mist system in greenhouse.

An Efficient Method for In Vitro Propagation of Gisela 5 (Prunus cerasus X Prunus canescens) - Clonal Cherry Rootstock

“…The plants were kept in the glasshouse and 90 per cent survival was obtained after 4 weeks of transfer (Figure 4). It was observed that better root and shoot development prior to hardening determined the survival of in vitro raised plants which is also supported by Minaev et al, (2003) and Vujovic et al, (2012).…”

Breeding in peach, cherry and plum: from a tissue culture, genetic, transcriptomic and genomic perspective

“…Propagation by seeds can generate a large amount of genetic variation in the rootstocks, aff ecting grafting effi ciency and plant yield in the fi eld. On the other hand, cuttings harvested from fi eld plants can also reduce the effi ciency of the grafting process and can spread diseases into the new plantations (Vujović et al, 2012). It is evident, for both the industry and breeders, that tissue culture has the potential to produce rootstocks on a large scale faster than the traditional methods.…”

In vitro conservation of blackberry genotypes under minimal growth conditions and subsequent large-scale micropropagation

“…Additionally, shoot formation and multiplication rate generally had significantly higher averages in the last subcultivation, thus showing that carrying out five subcultures in the micropropagation of blackberry is possible, without affecting the multiplication rates thereof. This fact contradict Vujović et al (2012), who claim that during in vitro propagation of nodal segments, a decrease of potential shoot growth can be seen in the last subcultures due to successive cuttings, and to the cumulative effect of cytokinins, which, over time, can cause damage to the tissues in cultivation. Thus, the high-multiplication rates obtained in our study show that large-scale propagation of blackberry can be successfully performed, after short and medium-term storage under minimal growth conditions, which is a rare, or nonexistent result in the literature, especially regarding the time of in vitro conservation evaluated without subcultures.…”

“…However, the successful application of these methods is limited because they require a large area for planting, a great deal of manpower, and intensive weed control, aside from the fact that these species are highly susceptible to diseases and pests (Vujović et al, 2012). Thus, the propagation of blackberry through in vitro cultivation techniques, such as micropropagation from nodal segments, has been increasingly studied.…”