In-vitro Response of Gladiolus (var. American Beauty) towards Plant Growth Regulators Using Cormel Explants

Abstract

Gladiolus is one of the most potential bulbous cut flower crops cultivated widely in India due to its attractive and long lasting spikes. The plant is propagated vegetatively through corms and cormels, but due to low rate of multiplication, its cultivation is hindered. Also, it is grown through underground modified stems, they are more often attacked by soil borne diseases such as Fusarium corm rot. In-vitro propagation techniques, assumes significance, especially for securing rapid multiplication of quality planting propagules using dormant cormlet explants and media. The results of the study revealed that the MS growing medium supplemented with 2 mg/l BAP showed improved results in respect of sprouting of explants (54.46 %), days required for sprouting of explants (8.68 DAI) and shoot length at 30 (6.32 cm), 60 (12.40 cm) and 90 (13.21 cm) DAI. The in vitro regenerated gladiolus plantlets when placed in the rooting MS medium supplemented with 4 mg/l IBA showed earlier root initiation (8.31 DAI) and higher number of roots/shoot (5.37 DAI) as compared to the rest of the treatment combinations. Hardening medium consisting of garden soil + sand + vermicompost (1:1:1) showed greater survivability (50.98 %) of plantlets. Thus, the study has been initiated an efficient protocol for in-vitro propagation of gladiolus through cormlets cultured in MS media containing BAP and IBA as shooting and rooting plant growth regulators and subsequent acclimatization in garden soil + sand+ vermicompost medium.

In Vitro Propagation Journey of Ornamental Gladiolus (Gladiolus Species): A Systematic Review Analysis Based on More Than 50 Years Research

“…According to a number of reports, cytokinin is required for shoot organogenesis [8,9,28,34,91] and encourages bud/shoot regeneration [53,64,87]. Among the cytokinins, benzyl aminopurine (BAP) or benzyladenine (BA) are important compounds that have been shown to have favorable benefits over other cytokinins [9,51,92,93]. However, variable doses of BAP have been standardized including higher doses of BAP that have been optimized for shoot proliferation, where BAP at 4 mg L −1 resulted in maximum shoot proliferation [9,31,51], while 3.0 mg L −1 BAP was found to be best for shoot proliferation [75], 2-3 mg L −1 BAP was found to have the most potential for gladiolus shoot induction, and a constant dose of 2 mg L −1 BAP has been recommended [93].…”

“…Among the cytokinins, benzyl aminopurine (BAP) or benzyladenine (BA) are important compounds that have been shown to have favorable benefits over other cytokinins [9,51,92,93]. However, variable doses of BAP have been standardized including higher doses of BAP that have been optimized for shoot proliferation, where BAP at 4 mg L −1 resulted in maximum shoot proliferation [9,31,51], while 3.0 mg L −1 BAP was found to be best for shoot proliferation [75], 2-3 mg L −1 BAP was found to have the most potential for gladiolus shoot induction, and a constant dose of 2 mg L −1 BAP has been recommended [93]. Some research reports, however, suggested lower BAP concentrations for shoot regeneration; one such report [94] found that 0.5 mg L-1 BA produced the best results, while [81] obtained better results at concentrations of BAP in the range of 0.5 to 1.0 mg L −1 .…”

“…In order to induce roots earlier and produce more roots per shoot, Ref. [93] used MS medium supplemented with 4 mg L −1 IBA.…”

“…Eighty percent of the plants in the mixture of sand, soil, and peat (1:1:1) survived after 31.8 days of hardening [80]. Moreover, hardened the medium consisting of garden soil, sand, and vermicompost (1:1:1) and found greater survivability (50.98%) of gladiolus plantlets [93].…”