In Vitro Propagation of Three Moroccan Prickly Pear Cactus Opuntia and Plant Establishment in Soil

Abstract

Opuntia is one of the most widespread cacti, primarily due to their edible fruit and vegetable mass used as feed. The high demand for young plants of Opuntia made it necessary to find a rapid method of multiplication of the cactus, the safest method consisting in vitro micropropagation of species belonging to this genus. With aim of large production of plant material, a propagation system of three important prickly pear cactus cultivar (Opuntia ficus-indica) in Morocco was developed. Segments of healthy young cladode (containing one areole) were cultivated in Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) containing adenine sulfate (40 mg/1), monosodium phosphate (50 mg/l), sucrose (50 g/l), phytagel (0.3%) and benzyladenine (BA) at 22.2 μM, to start the process of micropropagation. In vitro-developed shoots from areoles were used as secondary explants to induce shoot development in the MS medium with 5 mg/l of BA. All of the three studied cultivars showed an important multiplication rate in this medium. 'Sidi Ifni M' ('Moussa') cultivar shows the greatest number of shoots followed by 'Sidi Ifni A' (' Aissa') and 'Delahia' 17.26, 14.12 and 12.13 respectively. Rooting of in vitrogenerated shoots was achieved most efficiently on half-strength MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or IAA. Rooting frequencies were in the range from 95 to 100% and the highest mean number of root (19.1) was obtained with IBA for 'Delahia' cultivar. All micropropagated plants were transferred to greenhouse and all of them survived acclimatization process and showed good overall growth.

Comparative study between in vivo- and in vitro-derived extracts of cactus (Opuntis ficus-indica L. Mill) against prostate and mammary cancer cell lines

“…This medium was selected based on the results of previous experiments by García-Saucedo et al. (2005) and El Finti et al. (2013) .…”

“…of in vitro induced shootsAfter three subculture cycles of micropropagation, the small cladodes (3.5 -4 cm) derived from shoot bunches were excised and rooted on MS basal medium supplemented with indole butyric acid at 0.5 mg/l. This medium was selected based on the results of previous experiments byGarcía-Saucedo et al (2005) and ElFinti et al (2013) 2.4. Preparation of samples and determination of total phenolicsOpuntia ficus-indica L. Mill cladodes of in vitro-derived plants from tissue culture and in vivo-derived plants after culturing for 4 months under greenhouse conditions were carefully cut into small pieces and dried in a ventilated oven at 40 o C for 3 days.…”

Auxin induced rooting of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Miller) cladodes for rapid on-farm propagation

“…In the last decades, an increase in the demand of tropical fruits has led to establishment of cactus orchards for fruit production in many countries (Synman, 2006). Opuntia was reported to be one of the most widespread cacti, primarily due to their edible fruit and vegetable mass used as feed (El-Finti et al, 2013).…”

Studying on the in vitro shoot formation of Opuntia ficus – indica (L.) Mill.

“…BA 5 mg/L riêng lẻ cho hiệu quả tốt tạo chồi tốt nhất4 , trong khi sự phối hợp BA và NAA không có hiệu quả rõ rệt trên sự tăng sinh chồi1 . Đén 2013, El Finti và cộng sự ghi nhận, sự bổ sung BA vào môi trường nuôi cấy sẽ làm tăng số chồi, nhưng có sự khác biệt ở 3 giống xương rồng Maroc khác nhau13 . Tuy nhiên, Ghaffari và cộng sự (2013)14 chứng minh có sự khác biệt về số chồi tạo mới ở những môi trường bổ sung các chất điều hòa tăng trưởng thực vật khác nhau: trong giai đoạn phát triển chồi, phối hợp IAA 0,5 mg/L với BA 5 mg/L cho hiệu quả nhân chồi cao nhất, trong khi sự phối hợp NAA 0,25 mg/L với BA 5 mg/L cho chiều cao chồi lớn nhất.…”