In Vitro Production of Virus-Free Pear Plants

Zilka, S.; Faingersh, E.; Rotbaum, A.; Tam, Y.; Spiegel, S.; Malca, N.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2002.596.79

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Heat treatment of plants in vivo/in vitro can reduce virus titers and improve the efficiency of virus eradication (Kassanis 1957;Mink et al 1998). Therefore, in vitro thermotherapy followed by meristem culture (Cooper and Walkey 1978;Cieślińska 2002;Manganaris et al 2003;Stein et al 1991;Walkey and Cooper 1975;Zilka et al 2002), shoot tip grafting (Sharma et al 2008) and also cryotherapy (Wang et al 2008(Wang et al , 2009) can markedly enhanced virus eradication. The efficiency of virus eradication by thermotherapy also depends on viruses, plant species and specific approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced efficiency of virus eradication following thermotherapy of shoot-tip cultures of pear

Rongrong

Wang

Hóng

et al. 2010

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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In this study, in vitro-cultured plants of Pyrus pyrifolia cv. Fengshui, widely grown in central and southern China, were treated at different temperatures, and the efficiency of virus eradication of regenerated plants was evaluated by ELISA and dot-blot hybridization. Results showed that treatment at a constant high temperature of 37°C influenced greatly on the growth of in vitro pear plants and significantly decreased the plant survival rate, though virus-free plants could be regenerated from a few survived plant tips. When the treatment was carried out at 32°C/night and 38°C/day, the survival rate and growth of pear plants could be significant improved, but no virus-free plants could be regenerated from shoot tips treated for 50 days. Based on these results, infected plants were heattreated at 42°C/day and 34°C/night. High virus eradication efficiency was achieved from treated cultures of pear for more than 55 days. Results also verified that ACLSV could be eliminated from pear by 5 days shorter treatment period than that for ASGV and ASPV eradication.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced efficiency of virus eradication following thermotherapy of shoot-tip cultures of pear

Rongrong

Wang

Hóng

et al. 2010

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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“…Since the middle of the last century, many investigations have focused on the elimination of viruses from propagation materials (Campell, 1968;Cieslinska, 2002;Manganaris et al, 2003;Nemeth, 1986;Zilka et al, 2002). Meristem-tip culture is a widely used tool for the production of virus-free plant materials, but for fruit trees, its efficiency is limited by low regeneration rates from small explants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meristem-tip culture is a widely used tool for the production of virus-free plant materials, but for fruit trees, its efficiency is limited by low regeneration rates from small explants. Previous reports have shown that meristem-tip culture combined with thermotherapy could improve the efficiency of virus elimination (Cieslinska, 2002;Manganaris et al, 2003;Zilka et al, 2002). However, it is often necessary to optimize treatment conditions for different virus-host systems.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Thermotherapy on Elimination of Apple Stem Grooving Virus and Apple Chlorotic Leaf Spot Virus for In vitro-cultured Pear Shoot Tips

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Hóng³

et al. 2006

HortSci

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Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) and apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) are two major viruses of pear. In this study, in vitro thermotherapy was carried out at 37°C for 25, 30 and 35 days followed by subculturing of meristem tips of different sizes to eliminate ASGV and ACLSV from pear plants. Virus titers in heat-treated shoot tips were evaluated by ELISA testing of regenerated plants. Results showed that thermotherapy for 35 days significantly decreased the titer of ASGV and ACLSV in cultures regenerated from tips of main and axillary shoots, especially in those from explants 1 mm in length from the tip of meristems. Dot-blot hybridization of biotinylated cDNA probes derived from ACLSV and ASGV was used to detect these viruses in crude tissue extracts of in vitro-grown pear plants. Intense signals were consistently detected in untreated plant samples equivalent to less than 0.5 mg tissue. Comparison of signals from dot-blot hybridization and ELISA absorbance values (A405) confirmed that dot-blot hybridization had a higher sensitivity than PAS-ELISA. Dot-blot hybridization could detect viruses with a titer below the threshold level of ELISA. These results indicate that dot-blot hybridization is a useful tool for large-scale surveys of viruses, which facilitates the production of virus-free propagation materials in certification and sanitation programs. Results of PAS-ELISA and dot-blot hybridization showed that high virus elimination efficiency was achieved by a combination of thermotherapy for 35 days and in vitro culture of 1 mm meristem tips.

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“…Since then, micrografting technique has been widely used for elimination of viruses, phytoplasma, systemic pathogens in fruit crops and a large number of fruit plants have been made virus-free (Jonard et al, 1983;Burger, 1985;Navarro et al, 1976Navarro et al, , 1980Navarro et al, , 1982Navarro and Juarez, 1977;Deogratias et al, 1986;Navarro, 1988;Jarausch et al, 2000;Zilka et al, 2002). In vitro grafting was used in Spain to produce virus-free plants of citrus and is considered a major factor in improving the Spanish citrus industry (Navarro et al, 1975).…”

Section: Virus and Viroid Eliminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micrografting for fruit crop improvement

Hussain¹,

Wani²,

Mir³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Micrografting is an in vitro grafting technique which involves the placement of a meristem or shoot tip explant onto a decapitated rootstock that has been grown aseptically from seed or micropropagated cultures. Following early experiments of micrografting in ivy and chrysanthemum, the technique has been used in woody species, especially fruit trees. Major work was carried out in different Citrus species for the elimination of various viral diseases. In vitro micrografting has been used for improvement and multiplication of fruit trees as the technique has potential to combine the advantages of rapid in vitro multiplication with the increased productivity that results from grafting superior rootstock and scion combinations. Successful micrografting protocols have been developed for various fruit crops including almond, apple, cherry, chestnut, Citrus, grapes, mulberry, olive, peach, pear, pistacio, walnut, etc. Special techniques have been used for increasing the percentage of successful micrografts with the use of growth regulators, etiolation treatments, antioxidants, higher sucrose levels, silicon tubes, etc. The technique has great potential for improvement and large scale multiplication of fruit plants. It has been used on commercial scale for production of virus-free plants in fruit crops and viroid free plants in Citrus. Micrografting has also been used in prediction of incompatibility between the grafting partners, histological studies, disease indexing, production of disease-free plants particularly resistant to soil borne pathogens and multiplication of difficult to root plants.

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In Vitro Production of Virus-Free Pear Plants

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Enhanced efficiency of virus eradication following thermotherapy of shoot-tip cultures of pear

Enhanced efficiency of virus eradication following thermotherapy of shoot-tip cultures of pear

Effect of Thermotherapy on Elimination of Apple Stem Grooving Virus and Apple Chlorotic Leaf Spot Virus for In vitro-cultured Pear Shoot Tips

Micrografting for fruit crop improvement

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