In vitro polyploid induction of Paphiopedilum villosum using colchicine

In vivo-induced polyploidy in Dendrobium ‘Sonia’ in a bubble bioreactor system using colchicine and oryzalin

“…Antimitotic agents particularly colchicine and oryzalin have been applied to induce polyploidy in several plant species, especially ornamentals (Miguel and Leonhardt 2011;Huy et al 2019). Some studies have reported the successful use of colchicine and oryzalin to convert diploid to tetraploid forms in some orchids such as Dendrobium, Epidendrum, Odontioda, Cymbidium, Vanda, Phalaenopsis, Paphiopedilum and Cattleya in in vitro conditions (Miguel and Leonhardt 2011;Vichiato et al 2014;Yenchon and Te-chato 2014;Huy et al 2019). These antimitotic agents prevent microtubule polymerization, and in consequence, the chromatid or chromosome segregation at anaphase and the cytokinesis are inhibited leading to polyploidy induction (Pinheiro et al 2000).…”

“…Polyploidy plays an incontrovertible role in the evolution of both wild and cultivated plants, genetic and phenotype diversity, overcoming interspecific crossing barriers, developing improved hybrids, alteration of plant architecture and the formation of new species and varieties with useful characteristics (Ramsey and Schemske 1998;Dhooghe et al 2010). Polyploid plants may exhibit increased vigor, increment in plant organs ("gigas" effect), higher yield level, product quality improvement, increasing resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses, production of seedless varieties, and protection against deleterious mutations (Yenchon and Te-chato 2014;Sattler et al 2016;Huy et al 2019). Polyploidization has an important role in the hybridization, improvement and production of premium species and varieties in the orchid floriculture industry (Miguel and Leonhardt 2011;Huy et al 2019).…”

“…Polyploid plants may exhibit increased vigor, increment in plant organs ("gigas" effect), higher yield level, product quality improvement, increasing resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses, production of seedless varieties, and protection against deleterious mutations (Yenchon and Te-chato 2014;Sattler et al 2016;Huy et al 2019). Polyploidization has an important role in the hybridization, improvement and production of premium species and varieties in the orchid floriculture industry (Miguel and Leonhardt 2011;Huy et al 2019). Polyploid orchids had thicker stems, thicker and wider leaves, and higher-quality flowers with intensified coloration pattern (Miguel and Leonhardt 2011).…”

“…Some of the most important orchid's genera that have been polyploidized using colchicine and oryzalin are Phalaenopsis (Aoyama 2010;Miguel and Leonhardt 2011), Paphiopedilum (Huy et al 2019), Dendrobium (Sanguthai et al 1973;Miguel and Leonhardt 2011;Vichiato et al 2014), Cymbidium (Hwang et al 2015), Vanda (Lim and Loh 2003), Cattleya (De Mello Silva et al 2000), and Epidendrum and Odontioda (Miguel and Leonhardt 2011). Investigations in polyploidy induction on Dendrobium were mostly carried out on nobile and formosum species using colchicine (Vichiato et al 2014;Yenchon and Te-chato 2014).…”

“…Investigations in polyploidy induction on Dendrobium were mostly carried out on nobile and formosum species using colchicine (Vichiato et al 2014;Yenchon and Te-chato 2014). In vitro polyploid induction in orchids has been reported (Miguel and Leonhardt 2011;Atichart 2013;Vichiato et al 2014;Yenchon and Te-chato 2014;Huy et al 2019). Most of these studies were carried out using colchicine on PLBs and protocorms.…”