In Vitro Parallel Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Commercially Available Silver-Containing Wound Dressings

Abstract

Purpose: This study evaluated the in vitro antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of various commercially available silver-containing dressings (Ag dressing). at immersion periods of 6, 24, and 48 hours. The antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were accessed by a disc diffusion test. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using V79 cells, by an extraction method. Methods Results:The cytotoxicity was not a monotonic function of the antibacterial activity among the Ag dressings and could not be simply explained by Ag + -release properties. Biohesive Ag was regarded as a slow-release Ag dressing, showing the lowest cytotoxicity, while the antibacterial activity was classified as "strong" or "significant" against the two species of bacteria. Aquacel Ag and Algisite Ag showed higher antibacterial activity and cytotoxic effects, which were supported by the higher Ag + release. Mepilex Ag showed the highest release of Ag + , and the cytotoxicity was the highest among the Ag dressings. However, the antibacterial activity was classified as "significant" or "no activity" for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, respectively. PolyMem Ag showed the lowest Ag + release, and the antibacterial activity classified as "significant" or "no activity"for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, respectively, whereas the cytotoxicity was similar to those of Aquacel Ag and Algisite Ag. Conclusion:The efficacy and adverse effects of the Ag dressings revealed differences that should be considered by clinicians during wound management.

Response of Human Macrophages to Clinically Applied Wound Dressings Loaded With Silver

“…This antimicrobial dressing showed a great antibacterial effect against the most common strains found in infected wounds exclusively in liquid medium. PolyMem WIC Silver was studied previously against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and the same lack of antibacterial effect was observed on the agar disk diffusion test (Yunoki et al, 2015). Thus, the release of clusters of reactive small particles and silver ions from the nanocrystalline silver seems to be very reduced on agar.…”

“…In addition, there was a decrease of viability of monocytederived macrophages in the presence of Biatain Alginate Ag, PolyMem WIC and PolyMem WIC Silver after 24 h. Toxicity of PolyMem Silver and Biatain Alginate Ag has been reported before, on in vitro indirect contact studies on diabetic fibroblasts, in which the authors registered a decrease in cell viability of more than 50% (Zou et al, 2013). Moreover, cytotoxicity of PolyMem Ag has been described in Yunoki et al (2015) research article, in which the authors attribute the negative effect on mammalian cells to the uptake of silver clusters of large size by endocytosis. This may have influenced the results of the measured concentrations of pro-inflammatory and antiinflammatory molecules, and the uptake of glucose.…”

Superior absorption and retention properties of foam-film silver dressing versus other commercially available silver dressing

“…Furthermore, excellent physicochemical proeprties of our wound dressing material may also contribute to improve efficiency of wound healing. For example, Yunoki et al, reported that physicochemical properties of wound dressing such as release of silver was contributed to antibacterial activity of wound dressing material [ 14 ]. Furthermore, other researchers also investigated physicochemical properties and antimicrobial efficiency [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Studying the healing and long-term outcomes of two partial thickness wound models using different wound dressings

“…In "in vitro" studies from 2015, 2017, and 2018, it was shown that Mepilex® Ag was highly effective against some of the most common bacterial pathogens in burns, such as staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa [115][116][117]. However, it has also shown to have a negative effect on cell survival [115,118]. In 2017, Mepilex® Ag was compared with three other silver foams (Betafoam®, PolyMem-Ag® and Allevyn-Ag®) and the survival of mouse fibroblasts was examined after exposure to the dressing.…”