In Vitro Monitoring Chlorogenic Acid in Human Urine and Serum by a Flow Injection System Exploiting the Luminol-Dissolved Oxygen Chemiluminescence Reaction

Abstract

A sensitive flow injection chemiluminescence method, based on the inhibitory effect of chlorogenic acid on the reaction between luminol and dissolved oxygen, was presented for the determination of chlorogenic acid. It was found that the decrease of chemiluminescence intensity was linear with the logarithm of chlorogenic acid concentration over the range from 1.0 ng.ml(-1) to 100 ng.ml(-1) (r(2) = 0.9978), with the detection limit of 0.3 ng.ml(-1) (3 sigma). At the flow rate of 2.0 ml.min(-1) for each line, a complete analytical process could be performed within 0.5 min, including sampling and washing, with a relative standard deviation lower than 3.0% (n = 5). The proposed procedure was applied successfully to determine chlorogenic acid in Flo Lonicerae for different drawn time and monitor the excretion of chlorogenic acid in human urine. It was found that the excretive amounts of chlorogenic acid in urine reached its maximum in 2 hours after intake of Flo Lonicerae tea, presenting an excretive ratio of 63.82% in 6 hours. With urinary excretion rate method, the total elimination rate constant k and half-life time t(1/2) of chlorogenic acid was calculated, which were 0.7667 and 0.91 hours, respectively.

First Chemical Synthesis and in Vitro Characterization of the Potential Human Metabolites 5-O-Feruloylquinic Acid 4′-Sulfate and 4′-O-Glucuronide

“…8À13 It has also been demonstrated that chlorogenic acids could be absorbed in their intact form in rats, 14 and a number of recent studies have indicated the presence of intact chlorogenic acid forms in human plasma 15À17 and human urine. 18,19 However, the exact nature of the human metabolites of feruloylquinic acids remained unclear from these studies since their potential sulfated or glucuronidated conjugates either were not investigated or were enzymatically hydrolyzed prior to analysis.…”

“…However, the human metabolism of chlorogenic acids is far from fully understood. Chlorogenic acids are believed to be metabolized, mainly in the colon, into a range of hydroxycinnamic, hydroxyphenylpropionic, and hydroxyphenylacetic acids. − It has also been demonstrated that chlorogenic acids could be absorbed in their intact form in rats, and a number of recent studies have indicated the presence of intact chlorogenic acid forms in human plasma − and human urine. , However, the exact nature of the human metabolites of feruloylquinic acids remained unclear from these studies since their potential sulfated or glucuronidated conjugates either were not investigated or were enzymatically hydrolyzed prior to analysis.…”

Ficus dubia Latex Extract Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis by Regulating the NF-κB Pathway in Inflammatory Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

“…Chlorogenic acid and its metabolites have been found to exert anti-proliferative effects by inducing S-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human colon cancer caco-2 cells [ 24 ]. Despite the fact that the stability of FDLE has not been investigated, the pharmacokinetics of chlorogenic acids, the major component of FDLE, has been studied by various of researchers in humans and animals [ 25 ]. Therefore, chlorogenic acid is an effective active ingredient that have been use as standard content for evaluating the quality of extract preparation by HPLC.…”

Determination of Picogram Levels of Roxithromycin in Pharmaceutical, Human Serum, and Urine by Flow-Injection Chemiluminescence

“…The simple and green CL system of luminol-dissolved oxygen has been applied for the determination of vitamin B 12 [18], sudan IV [19] and chlorogenic acid [20] by our group. However, no CL method of luminol-dissolved oxygen system has been utilized for the determination of ROX to date.…”