In Vitro Micropropagation of 54 Species from 15 Genera of Bamboo

Abstract

<jats:p>Fifty-four out of 67 species of bamboo tested were successfully propagated in vitro. For nearly every species, multiple shoots were produced from axillary buds on stem node segments cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium containing BA. In a very few species plants could be regenerated adventitiously from callus. This method of propagation was not very efficient or reliable. Rooting occurred in media containing NAA at 2.7 to 5.4 μM. Several species could be stored in vitro on half-strength medium at room temperature &gt; 15 months without transfer. Chemical names used: N6-benzylamino purine (BA); napthyleneacetic acid (NAA).</jats:p>

In vitro propagation of the neotropical giant bamboo, Guadua angustifolia Kunth, through axillary shoot proliferation

“…To reduce initial contamination of explants it was necessary to combine standard disinfection procedures involving the use of NaOCl (Yeh and Chang 1986;Prutpongse and Gavinlertvatana 1992) with pre-treatments containing Extran, Agri-mycin and Benomyl. Extran, a product commonly used to disinfect laboratory instruments and surfaces, was previously used in com- Fig.…”

“…Bud sprouting and shoot multiplication BAP (1-12 mg l -1 ) has been very effective in inducing sprouting of axillary buds in several bamboo species belonging to different genera (Prutpongse and Gavinlertvatana 1992;Ramanayake and Yakandawala 1997;Ravikumar et al 1998;Bag et al 2000). Marulanda et al (2002) obtained best results in G. angustifolia with 1.0 mg l -1 BAP (7.16% of the explants sprouted), but they did not evaluate higher concentrations.…”

“…Most reports indicate division of clumps to be the preferred method to multiply bamboo plants obtained through axillary shoot proliferation in vitro (Saxena 1990;Prutpongse and Gavinlertvatana 1992;Ramanayake and Yakandawala 1997;Ravikumar et al 1998;Bag et al 2000;Ramanayake et al 2001); there are few in which nodes were employed (Sood et al 1992;Marulanda et al 2002). In previous work on Guadua, Marulanda et al (2002) did not state the efficiency of the multiplication procedure Multiplication rate in vitro for bamboo varies according to the species (Ramanayake and Yakandawala 1997;Bag et al 2000;Gielis et al 2001), and the size of the explant (Prutpongse and Gavinlertvatana 1992). We report in this work a multiplication rate of 2.5 new clusters per original cluster every 42 d. It gives a potential multiplication rate of ca.…”

“…In other bamboo genera inclusion of indole butyric acid or naphthalene acetic acid was necessary to induce rooting in vitro (Ramanayake and Yakandawala 1997;Prutpongse and Gavinlertvatana 1992;Bag et al 2000) or ex vitro (Ravikumar et al 1998). Guadua plantlets rooted spontaneously after 69 d in culture (Fig.…”

Shoot regeneration, re-flowering and post flowering survival in bamboo inflorescence culture

“…Most species flower after long periods of vegetative growth that range from 3 to more than 120 years (Janzen, 1976;John and Nadgauda, 1999). The results of several studies (Nadgauda et al, 1990;Chambers et al, 1991;Prutpongse and Gavinlertvatana, 1992;Rout and Das, 1994;Lin and Chang, 1998;Gielis et al, 2001;Ramanayake et al, 2001;Lin et al, 2003aLin et al, , 2004 showed that plant tissue culture systems can shorten the juvenile stage of the bamboo life cycle and induce in vitro flowering of these vegetative shoots within a few months. When the medium contains cytokinin, the bamboo can flower in vitro.…”