In vitro insecticidal activity of Homonoia riparia Lour leaf extract for use in controlling Aedes aegypti L. populations

Abstract

Plant extracts and secondary metabolites extracted from plants can produce natural pesticides. Compared to synthetic insecticides, they degrade quickly and threaten the environment and public health less. It was feasible to discover the formation of the important secondary metabolites, phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids by the Homonoia riparia leaf extract as the investigation progressed. Because phenolic chemicals are renowned for their antioxidant activity, they have a lot of interest. At low doses, the larvicidal activity of Homonoia riparia leaf extract implies that it could be utilized as a domestic larvicide to restrict the spread of the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti. Following the WHO guidelines, a dose-response bioassay was done on Aedes aegypti larvae collected from the municipality of Guntur rural areas. After 48 hours, the extracts of Homonoia riparia (692.6%±125.89) required less concentration to kill 95% of the larvae. Ethanolic extract (EE) obtained from Homonoia riparia leaves, and their effect on Aedes aegypti was evaluated at concentrations of 40, 60, 80, 85, and 95% for EE, in a completely randomized design with a 2x5 factorial arrangement. There were also substantial differences (p<0.01) across the concentrations tested, yielding a 95% death rate at 60%. At high concentrations, the secondary metabolites in the EE were effective, causing acceptable death values in Aedes aegypti, recommending its usage as a preventive control.