In vitro induction of tetraploid and resulting trait variation in Populus alba × Populus glandulosa clone 84 K

Ren, Yongyu; Jing, Yanchun; Kang, Xiangyang

doi:10.1007/s11240-021-02068-5

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In contrast, the density of stomata in this species decreased by almost one-third [104]. Comparable results and relationships have been reported for tetraploid plants with medicinal properties, e.g., in Trachyspermum ammi L. [105], Aloe vera L. [106], Catharanthus roseus (L.) G Don [107], as well as energy plants, such as S. viminalis [75], P. tomentosa [82], M. sacchariflorus and M. sinensis [52] or hybrids 84K Populus alba × Populus glandulosa [77].…”

Section: Species Morphological Traits Ploidy Referencessupporting

confidence: 70%

“…In the following years, Heinz and Mee [85] treated cell suspension with colchicine and produced polyploids of S. officinarum. Nowadays, the most commonly used plant material for in vitro polyploid induction are shoot tips, axillary buds, petiole or leaf explants, nodal segments, roots and callus [74,77,78,81]. A technique for the induction of tetraploid Humulus lupulus L. from apical meristems incubated in colchicine solution and shaken at 100 rpm has been developed [73].…”

Section: Type Of Plant Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyploidy in Industrial Crops: Applications and Perspectives in Plant Breeding

et al. 2021

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Polyploidisation is an important process in the evolution of many plant species. An additional set of chromosomes can be derived from intraspecific genome duplication (autopolyploidy) or hybridising divergent genomes and chromosome doubling (allopolyploidy). Special forms of polyploidy are autoallopolyploidy and segmental allopolyploidy. Polyploidy arises from two basic processes: spontaneously occurring disturbances of meiotic division and induced by antimitotic agents’ disruption of mitosis. The first involves the induction and fusion of unreduced gametes, resulting in the formation of triploids and tetraploids. The second process uses antimitotics that disrupt cellular microtubules and prevent chromosome’s sister chromatids motion during anaphase. Colchicine, oryzalin, and trifluralin are the most commonly used antimitotics for inducing polyploids in plants. The exposure time and concentration of the antimitotics and the species, cultivar, genotype, and tissue type affect the efficiency of genome duplication. Polyploids are distinguished from diploids by increased cell size and vegetative parts of plants and increased content of secondary metabolites. Genome duplication generates several changes at the epigenetic level resulting in altered gene expression. Polyploidisation is used in plant breeding to overcome the non-viability and infertility of interspecific hybrids, obtain seedless polyploid cultivars and increase resistance/tolerance to biotic and abiotic factors.

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Section: Species Morphological Traits Ploidy Referencessupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Type Of Plant Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Polyploidy in Industrial Crops: Applications and Perspectives in Plant Breeding

et al. 2021

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“…Tetraploids have been obtained in Populus , a model tree species, through somatic or zygotic chromosome doubling ( Lu et al, 2013 ; Wu et al, 2020 ). Although there have been characterizations of the tetraploid obtained by somatic chromosome doubling, the tetraploid obtained by zygotic chromosome doubling is unclear ( Ren et al, 2021 ). In Eucalyptus , it was reported that the growth of tree height and diameter at breast height of autotetraploids obtained by somatic chromosome doubling was slower than that of diploids, and their content of secondary metabolites such as essential oils showed no significant change compared with that of diploids ( Fernando et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction and Characterization of Tetraploid Through Zygotic Chromosome Doubling in Eucalyptus urophylla

Liu

Wang²,

Qiu³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Improvements in plant growth can bring great benefits to the forest industry. Eucalyptus urophylla is an important plantation species worldwide, and given that ploidy increases are often associated with plant phenotype changes, it was reasoned that its polyploidization may have good prospects and great significance toward its cultivation. In this study, the zygotic development period of E. urophylla was observed through paraffin sections, and a correlation between the development time of flower buds after pollination and the zygotic development period was established. On this basis, it was determined that the 25th day after pollination was the appropriate time for a high temperature to induce zygotic chromosome doubling. Then tetraploid E. urophylla was successfully obtained for the first time through zygotic chromosome doubling induced by high temperature, and the appropriate conditions were treating flower branches at 44°C for 6 h. The characterization of tetraploid E. urophylla was performed. Chromosome duplication brought about slower growing trees with thicker leaves, larger cells, higher net photosynthetic rates, and a higher content of certain secondary metabolites. Additionally, the molecular mechanisms for the variation in the tetraploid’s characteristics were studied. The qRT-PCR results showed that genes mediating the tetraploid characteristics showed the same change trend as those of the characteristics, which verified that tetraploid trait variation was mainly caused by gene expression changes. Furthermore, although the tetraploid had no growth advantage compared with the diploid, it can provide important germplasm resources for future breeding, especially for the creation of triploids.

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“…However, what causes the downregulation of the expression of these genes in triploids? It is known that plant polyploidy can result in cellular giganticity, and poplar triploids are no exception [8,17,36,37]. Zhang [38] showed that phytohormones that including auxin can participate in cell growth, modulating the expression of genes related to cell expansion, and promoting the formation of huge cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Molecular Regulation of Lignin Content in Triploid Poplar Leaves

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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After polyploidization, plants usually undergo some morphological and physiological changes, including the lignin content of polyploids usually becoming lower than that of diploids. However, the regulatory mechanism of the variation of lignin content in polyploid plants remains unclear. Therefore, in this research, we used full-sib poplar triploids and diploids to explore the molecular regulatory basis of lignin content in poplar triploid leaves through the determination of lignin content, the observation of xylem cells, and transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that the lignin content of triploid leaves was significantly lower than that of diploid leaves. The xylem cells of triploid leaves were significantly larger than those of diploids. Transcriptome sequencing data show that most lignin biosynthesis genes were significantly downregulated, and genes related to cell growth were mostly upregulated in triploid leaves compared with diploid leaves. In addition, co-expression network analysis showed that several transcription factors might be involved in the regulation of lignin biosynthesis. Consequently, the altered expression of genes related to lignin might lead to the reduced lignin content in triploids. These results provide a theoretical basis for further exploring the molecular mechanism of the variation of polyploid lignin content and the utilization of polyploid lignocellulosic resources.

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In vitro induction of tetraploid and resulting trait variation in Populus alba × Populus glandulosa clone 84 K

Cited by 17 publications

References 68 publications

Polyploidy in Industrial Crops: Applications and Perspectives in Plant Breeding

Polyploidy in Industrial Crops: Applications and Perspectives in Plant Breeding

Induction and Characterization of Tetraploid Through Zygotic Chromosome Doubling in Eucalyptus urophylla

Insights into the Molecular Regulation of Lignin Content in Triploid Poplar Leaves

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