In vitro induction of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) shoot roots and their acclimatization in mycorrhiza-enriched media

Abstract

Oil palm is a vegetable oil-producing plant (CPO) which provides the largest foreign exchange contribution compared to other crops and is widely used in food, medicine, cosmetic, and energy industries. Tissue culture technology is currently used to produce quality oil palm seeds. Oil palm shoots tend to grow and develop in clumps (groups) in vitro. Bipolar nature does not appear in all the shoots produced, so to produce plantlets it is necessary to do induction. This research aimed to obtain the right root induction media. A completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors was used with the first factor being the type of auxin (IAA, IBA, and NAA), and the second was the auxin concentration (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 ppm). In the eighth week after planting, the variables of root length, number of leaves, and shoot height were not significantly different except for the root number. The best root induction media for plantlet formation was the MS base medium with the addition of NAA type auxin at a concentration of 0.75 ppm. The plantlets formed a symbiosis with mycorrhiza which was applied at a dose of 4 g per polybag in the fourth month after planting.

Optimasi sistem kultur dan media untuk peningkatan tinggi tunas in vitro kelapa sawit

“…Tanaman kelapa sawit merupakan tanaman rekalsitran, sehingga perbanyakan in vitro kelapa sawit lebih sulit dibandingkan tanaman lain (Karim, 2021). Penelitian optimasi kultur in vitro telah banyak dilakukan mulai dari tahap induksi kalus, proliferasi, induksi embrio, hingga induksi akar (Yusnita & Hapsoro, 2011;Marbun et al, 2014;Jayanthi et al, 2015;Gomes et al, 2016;Padua et al, 2017;Karyanti et al, 2021;Sulaksono et al, 2021). Pembesaran tunas merupakan tahapan persiapan tunas sebelum masuk fase induksi akar dan aklimatisasi.…”

Comparative growth response of three rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) clones in somatic embryo propagation

“…PB 260, PB 330 and PB 340 clones are superior clones from Perang Besar Malaisya, have high productivity of latex [32] and recommended seeds for planting. In our laboratory, induced SE with integument has been reported as successful with the PB 260 clone [33] but not yet with another superior clones. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to assess the response of three rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) clones to the same media conditions for the growth and development of somatic embryos.…”

“…Carron and Ettiene [28] stated that somatic embryo formation was limited to only a few genotypes, the embryogenic capacity was short-lived, and there was a very low rate of conversion of embryos into plantlets. Additionally, according to El Hadrani et al [33], the efficiency of various SE protocols described in rubber depends on the clones, as some of them are recalcitrant to in vitro culture. As reported by Bintarti et al [34], primary somatic embryogenesis has been successfully developed for the PB 260 clone and subsequently applied to the PR 107, RRIM 600, PB 235, RRIM 703, IRCA 109, PB 254, and PB 310 clones in the CIRAD laboratory.…”