In Vitro Histamine Release from Blood Cellular Elements of Rabbits Infected with Schistosoma mansoni

Abstract

Recently Zvaifler et aZ.( 1) described a hornmytotropic antibody in rabbits infected with Schistosoma mansoni which produced a 72-hour passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in m m l rabbits challenged with cercanal antigen. This anaphylactic antibody was inactivated by heating at 56'C and by dimerc a p t o e h o l , migrated as fast gamma gldbulin ektrophoretically and had a sedimenltation coefficient close #to 7s. Human reagink antibody is capable of sensitizing leukocytes so that by the addition of antigen, histamine is released ( 2 ) . Barbam Zvlaifler ( 3 ) using dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin (DNP-BSA) in Freund complete adjuvant suggested that rabbit PCA antibody is capable of sensitizing rabbit platelets in vivo and demonstrated antigen-induced histamine release in vitro in the absence of free plasma factors and free anlti~body.The present studies were designed to determine if S. mansoni infections in rabbits "sensitize" platelets and/or leukocytes far in vitro histamine release following the addition of S. mansoni cemrial antigen in the absence of added plasma. The results of these studies were ccrmpared with those abtaind by PCA and slide flocculation (SF) tests. Further more, attempts were made to determine whether this in vitro reaction system could be ultilized far a quantitative study of immediate hypersensitivity in rabbits infected with S. mansoni.Materials and Methods. Animals. Albino rabbits weighing 2500-3000 gm were used in these experilments. All animals were fed a standard diet. The principles of animal care as promulgated by the National !Society for Medial Research were observed. Rabbits were exposed percutanmusly to either SO00 or 25,000 cercanae each and were bled for hisfamine and serologic studies every other week beginning the day of exposure.At the end of each experiment, the rabbits were killed and the visceral organs were ex-amined far the presence of gross pathologic changes resulting f r m infection with S. mansoni.anilmal was perfused by the Perf-0-Suotion technique( 4 ) and examined carefully for completeness of blood clearance and pmsiible retention af adult worms. Immediately after @usion, the worms were separated by sex, counted, and observed microscopically.Antigen. S. mansoni cercariae were recwered from the labratory colony of Australmbis glabratus (Biomphilaria glabrala) snails, each infected with 5-10 miracida. A lipid free somatic amtigen was prepred according to the method of Chaffee et at.( 5). After l y e philimtion, the antigen was rtxonstituted with distilled water to a mnwntration of 0.43 mg od nitrogen protein per ml, d e t m i n e d by the micro-Kje1dah.l method. From this standard prepration, 0.5 ml of a 1 : 100 dilution in T p d e ' s solution was found to be minimal for lQO% histamine release. Rabbit antiserum. The glabulins from a p prqriate s a w n p l s were precipiitad.ed with 50% satu>mted ammonium sulfate. The precipitate was recomtituited to one-half the original serum volume with phosphate buffmed saline (PBS), pH 7.2, and Clialyzed against the same...

Histamine Immunoreactive Elements in the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems of the Snail, Biomphalaria spp., Intermediate Host for Schistosoma mansoni

“…Numerous earlier studies, in experimental animals and in patients with acute or chronic schistosomiasis, have reported the release of HA during infections with S . mansoni [83][84][85] and the release of HA has also been demonstrated routinely in cell cultures within 1 h after incubation with antigens from adult, egg, or cercarial stages of S . mansoni [86].…”

Cloning and Characterization of a Calcium-binding, Histamine-releasing Protein from Schistosoma mansoni

“…TCTPs from other parasites are also known to possess histamine-releasing function (10,21). Numerous earlier studies, in experimental animals and in patients with acute or chronic schistosomiasis, have reported the release of histamine during infections with S. mansoni (23)(24)(25)(26)(27). It is possible that these histamine-releasing effects during infection may be due to the release of SmTCTP by the parasites in infected individuals.…”

Leukocyte-Dependent Histamine Release From Rabbit Platelets

“…Recently it has been possible to transfer LDHR to leukocytes of normal rabbits in vivo using serum from sensitized animals (12,13). Speculation as to the nature of the leukocyte involved in LDttR has led to successive proposals of lymphocytes (4,14) and monocytes (7); however, recent correlative studies suggest that the sensitized cell is the basophil (15).…”

“…It was then related to the presence of leukocytes and found in rabbits infected with Schistosoma mansoni (4) or immunized with various antigens (5)(6)(7). LDHR has been correlated with homocytotropic antibody in the serum of immunized rabbits (3,5,11).…”