In vitro fermentation of fructooligosaccharide and galactooligosaccharide and their effects on gut microbiota and SCFAs in infants

Effects of sex on fat deposition through gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in weaned pigs

“…Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are the most abundant SCFA produced in this process. Interestingly, a research showed that the contents of SCFA, such as acetate and butyrate, coincided with the pattern of change in certain bacterial populations, including Bifidobacterium , Enterococcus , Weissella , and Streptococcus ( Yao et al., 2022 ). Various factors influence the production of SCFA ( Pylkas et al., 2005 ; Venema, 2013 ), including the dietary fiber composition, specific bacterial species, and the composition of the gut microbiota.…”

Fructo‐oligofructose ameliorates 2,4‐dinitrofluorobenzene‐induced atopic dermatitis‐like skin lesions and psychiatric comorbidities in mice

“…The butyryl‐CoA (formed by the condensation of two acetyl‐CoAs), which is present in the Firmicutes, is considered to be the main producer of butyrate 62,63 . Lactobacillus , a member of the Firmicutes phylum, could regulate the production of SCFAs in the intestine by producing lactic acid and through the acetate‐CoA pathway, leading to an increase in acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid levels 64,65 . There is evidence that gut microbiomes dominated by Prevotella or Bacteroides could produce acetate, propionate, and butyrate through the fermentation of FOS, an oligosaccharide.…”

“…62,63 Lactobacillus, a member of the Firmicutes phylum, could regulate the production of SCFAs in the intestine by producing lactic acid and through the acetate-CoA pathway, leading to an increase in acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid levels. 64,65 There is evidence that gut microbiomes dominated by Prevotella or Bacteroides could produce acetate, propionate, and butyrate through the fermentation of FOS, an oligosaccharide. However, gut microbiomes dominated by Prevotella are more capable of processing and utilizing oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.…”

Revealing the beneficial effects of a dairy infant formula on the gut microbiota of early childhood children with autistic spectrum disorder using static and SHIME® fermentation models

“…Yao et al (2022) 51 reported that the use of infant formula containing FOS and GOS significantly increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium , while it decreased the abundance of Klebsiella in the fecal microbiota of one-month-old infants ( n = 6) assessed using fecal fermentation short-term in vitro (36 hours). Grimaldi et al (2018) 14 observed a positive correlation between the presence of Bifidobacterium spp., Ruminococcus spp., Lachnospiraceae family ( Coprococcus spp., Dorea formicigenerans , Oribacterium spp.…”

“…16 A significant increase in acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid contents was also observed in children with ASD ( n = 26) with intestinal microbiota in a state of dysbiosis aged three to nine years after intervention with FOS + probiotics. 54 Yao et al (2022) 51 reported higher SCFA contents during the in vitro fecal fermentation (36 h) using GOS compared to GOS + FOS. Metabolic changes such as increased butyric and valeric acids were also observed in fecal samples from children with ASD after B-GOS® intervention when compared to the placebo group.…”