In vitro extracorporeal shock wave treatment enhances stemness and preserves multipotency of rat and human adipose-derived stem cells

Schuh, Christian; Heher, Philipp; Weihs, Anna; Banerjee, Asmita; Fuchs, Christiane; Gabriel, Christian; Wolbank, Susanne; Mittermayr, Rainer; Redl, Heinz; Rünzler, Dominik; Teuschl, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.07.005

Cited by 47 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…To illustrate, ATP triggered ERK1/2 pathway activation improves cell proliferation and wound healing [32,33], and modulation of the inflammatory process via TLR3 [34] and other molecular signals [35,36] seem to accelerate wound healing. Biological responses induced by ESWT include angio-and lymphogenesis [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]; recruitment, proliferation and differentiation of endogenous stem cells [42,[44][45][46][47]; osteogenesis [48][49][50][51][52][53]. All of these are essentially involved in the initiation of the healing response, thus implicating ESWT as a highly effective modality due to its multisided target systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) ameliorates healing of tibial fracture non-union unresponsive to conventional therapy

Haffner

Antonic

Smolen

et al. 2016

Injury

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) ameliorates healing of tibial fracture non-union unresponsive to conventional therapy

Haffner

Antonic

Smolen

et al. 2016

Injury

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“…A critical role should also be attributed to a direct stimulatory effect arising from the proliferation inducing effects of hydrodynamic stress. In various experiments, proliferation-promoting effects of shockwave application were demonstrated previously in various cell types [6,7]. In addition to a predominantly cytotoxic effect of ESWT at high energy flux densities, increased proliferation at lower energy densities was shown for cultures of fibroblasts, tenocytes, periosteal cells and osteoblasts from human cancellous bone [9,[21][22][23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The mechanism by which ESWT exerts its beneficial effects has not been fully elucidated and significant efforts in the scientific and medical community are directed towards investigating the cellular and molecular pathways affected by ESWT both in vitro and in vivo. ESWT has significant effects on the rat and human adipocyte-derived stem cells in vivo, and preserves their pluripotency [7] and up regulation of ERK1/2 and cell junction protein [8]. It was shown that ESWT treatment of isolated fibroblasts augments their proliferation and up regulates expression of genes for TGF-β and collagen I and II [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracorporeal Shockwaves (ESW) Promote Proliferation and Differentiation of Keratinocytes In vitro-Histology and Immunohistochemistry

Antonic

Hartmann²,

Münch³

et al. 2015

J Bioengineer & Biomedical Sci

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The objective of presented study was to evaluate in vitro effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on the keratinocyte morphology, cytoskeleton and mitotic activity. To determine in vitro effects of ESWT on keratinocytes, we applied 100 pulses with an energy flux density 0.1 mJ/mm 2 and a frequency of 1 Hz at a distance of 5 cm between therapy head and culture flask. The treatment parameters were determined in a pilot study. Haematoxylin and Eosin staining, as well as immunohistochemistry for Ki-67, CK5, CK14 and CK10 was performed on the cultured keratinocytes and results were compared between ESW treated group and Controls. No pathomorphological abnormalities or alterations in the cells monolayer could be observed. When assessing histological images of all HE-stained sections of ESW-treated and untreated keratinocytes (control group), no morphological differences could be seen between or within the groups. The proliferation marker Ki-67 was found at a frequency of 14% for ESW-treated and 10% for untreated keratinocytes. There were also figures of 95% (CK5 staining) and 90% (CK14 staining) for ESW-treated, as well as 85% (CK5 staining) and 85% (CK14 staining) for untreated keratinocytes. CK10-positive cells showed a frequency of 24% in the ESWtreated and 33% in the untreated cell cultures. Immunohistochemical observations indicated an increased proliferation behaviour following treatment with extracorporeal shockwaves in vitro and maturation of the exposed keratinocytes. Our results suggest an increase in proliferation activity of keratinocytes after in vitro treatment with ESWT. Further investigations of the effects of ESWT on the keratinocyte expression of the chemokines and cytokines are underway.

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“…Energy Flux Density (EFD [mJ/ clinics, ESWT was applied in animal models of soft tissue injuries, burns [16][17][18], ischemic isografts [19,20], incisional wounds, and models of compromised wound healing such as diabetic wounds [21]. Investigations of mechanisms of action for the beneficial effects of ESWT led to reports of application of ESWT in vitro [22][23][24][25][26][27]. These studies indeed contributed toward improved understanding of biological effects of ESWT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shockwaves are sonic pulses characterized by a high peak pressure (500mbar) short life cycle (10ms), fast pressure rise (<10ns), broad frequency spectrum (Hz) and the generation of stress forces upon interaction with interface Citation: Ottomann CMD, Antonic V, Münch S, Belfekroun C, [19,20], incisional wounds, and models of compromised wound healing such as diabetic wounds [21]. Investigations of mechanisms of action for the beneficial effects of ESWT led to reports of application of ESWT in vitro [22][23][24][25][26][27]. These studies indeed contributed toward improved understanding of biological effects of ESWT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) on Proliferation and Metabolic Activity of Adult Human Keratinocytes

Ottomann¹,

Antonic²

2015

J Bioengineer & Biomedical Sci

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Background: The objective of the presented study is to investigate in vitro effects of low energy extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on the keratinocytes and their metabolic and proliferative properties for their therapeutic applications.Materials: Primary culture of keratinocytes was isolated from clinical samples and after passaging into 12 flasks exposed to the various number of ESWT impulses (n=25, 50 and100impulses) in combination with several frequencies (1, 3 or 5Hz) and distances from the applicator head (5, 6 or 7cm with corresponding energy flux densities (EFD)=0.04, 0.025 and 0.015 mJ/mm 2 , respectively) using modified water bath at constant temperature 37°C. Flasks were assigned to receive one combination of treatment parameters. The individually tested distances/EFD with the various impulse numbers and frequencies were summarised to experimental series. Cell viability was measured using trypan blue, cell cytotoxicity was measured using lactate dehydrogenase assay, and cell metabolic activity was measured by level of glucose metabolism. Results:Our results indicate that low energy ESWT has both cytotoxic and stimulating effects on the keratinocytes. These effects depend on number of impulses, distance from the applicator head, and frequency. A proliferationstimulating effect and a higher viable cell count could be observed for a distance of 5 cm with 100 impulses at 1 Hz and EFD=0.04 mJ/mm2. Conclusion:Our results indicate that ESWT (EFD=0.04 mJ/mm2, 100 impulses, 1Hz at 5 cm) augmented proliferative capacity of keratinocytes in vitro. These promising results grant further investigation and have practical potential in keratinocyte research and production. In Vitro Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) on Proliferation and Metabolic Activity of Adult Human Keratinocytes IntroductionModern wound dressings engineered to promote wound healing often contain living cells [1,2]. Various cell types such as adipocytes, fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem cells, and keratinocytes have been successfully used in wound healing. Keratinocytes have been used in the form of spray in preclinical animal study as well as in clinical trial for severe burns [3][4][5]. In the animal study directly comparing cryopreserved allogenic keratinocytes and cadaver full thickness skin grafts, authors reported faster epithelialisation in the keratinocytetreated group, with no difference in comparison with full thickness grafts by the end of the study [6,7]. These reports provide a rationale for the further investigation of keratinocytes in wound healing, as well as need for development of cultivating protocols that will decrease culturing time. Augmenting proliferation capacity of the isolated, allogenic keratinocytes will allow clinicians and researchers to produce a sufficient number of viable keratinocytesin a short period of time for their use in wounded patients [7]. Mechanotransduction is a wellknown phenomenon of cellular responses to the physical forces such as sheer stress or stretching both in vivo a...

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In vitro extracorporeal shock wave treatment enhances stemness and preserves multipotency of rat and human adipose-derived stem cells

Cited by 47 publications

References 55 publications

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) ameliorates healing of tibial fracture non-union unresponsive to conventional therapy

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) ameliorates healing of tibial fracture non-union unresponsive to conventional therapy

Extracorporeal Shockwaves (ESW) Promote Proliferation and Differentiation of Keratinocytes In vitro-Histology and Immunohistochemistry

In Vitro Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) on Proliferation and Metabolic Activity of Adult Human Keratinocytes

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