“…Different techniques have been used to remove filling material in endodontic retreatments, including the use of manual files BLUHM, 2004), heated instruments (ZMENER, PAMEIJER;BANEGAS, 2006), ultrasonic devices (PIRANI et al, 2009), rotary files (IMURA et al, 2000;HAMMAD, QUALTROUGH, SILIKAS, 2008;RÖDIG et al, 2012), reciprocating files (SILVA et al, 2015;CROZETA et al, 2016), adaptive motion systems (CROZETA et al, 2016), and specific systems developed for retreatment (GU et al, 2008;TAKAHASHI et al, 2009). Several studies used distinct methods such as bidimensional radiographic analysis or destructive approaches sectioning specimens to evaluate the remaining filling after endodontic retreatment (BARRIESHI-NUSAR, 2002;CUNHA et al, 2007;BARLETTA et al, 2008).…”