In Vitro Evaluation of Sida pilosa Retz (Malvaceae) Aqueous Extract and Derived Fractions on Schistosoma mansoni

Abstract

Sida pilosa Retz. (Malvaceae) is a medicinal plant used in Africa for the treatment of dysmenorrhea, lower abdominal pains and intestinal helminthiasis. S. pilosa aqueous extract and derived fractions were investigated for their bioactivity against Schistosoma mansoni. The aqueous extract from S. pilosa aerial parts (1.25-40 mg/mL) and derived fractions (n-hexane, DCM, EtOAc and n-BuOH: 0.25-8 mg/mL) were tested on adult S. mansoni maintained in a GMEN culture medium. Praziquantel was used as the reference drug. After 24 h of incubation, worms were monitored for their viability and egg output. The antioxidant activity of S. pilosa was evaluated by the ability to scavenge the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radicals. The chemical composition of the n-BuOH fraction was investigated by HPLC-MS analysis. S. pilosa aqueous extract and fractions significantly increased worm mortality in a concentration-dependent manner. The n-BuOH fraction was the most active with a LC50 of 1.25 mg/mL. Significant reduction of motor activity (25% to 100%) was * Corresponding author. H. B. Jatsa et al. 381 recorded for surviving worms incubated in different concentrations of the extract and fractions. Incubation of S. mansoni in different concentrations of S. pilosa extract and fractions led to significant reduction of egg laying (52% to 100%). The aqueous extract and derived fractions exhibited antioxidant activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The highest antioxidant activity was found with the EtOAc fraction, followed by the DCM and n-BuOH fractions. HPLC-MS analysis of the n-butanol fraction revealed the presence of two indoloquinoline alkaloids. This study disclosed the schistosomicidal activity of the n-butanol fraction from S. pilosa aqueous extract. This activity is probably related to the indoloquinoline alkaloids identified in the fraction.

WITHDRAWN: Comparative study of the insecticidal activity of essential oils of four spontaneous and domestic plants on wheat weevils Sitophilus oryzae

“…It has been reported that many medicinal plant species are seriously threatened in the wild and are often di cult to nd outside protected areas. (Jäger and Van Staden, 2000) 4 . Indeed, plants have long been used by farmers to improve the avor of food or to protect harvested produce (Jacobson, 1989;Keita et al, 2000;Isman, 2000).…”

In vitro Antischistosomal Activity of Clerodendrum umbellatum Poir (Labiateae) Leaves Aqueous Extract and Derived Fractions against Schistosoma mansoni Adult Worms

“…This means that the fractionation of C. umbellatum leaves aqueous extract improved its in vitro schistosomicidal activity on adult worms. Jatsa et al obtained similar result in their study in which the n-butanol fraction was more effective than the aqueous extract of Sida pilosa [18]. The methanol fraction also shown a low level of cytotoxicity on mouse melanoma liver cells with an IC 50 of 876.88 ±18.14 µg/mL which is greater than its schistosomicidal effective concentration.…”

“…Our assay showed that the aqueous extract and various fractions were active against S. mansoni. Lethal concentration of 2000 µg/mL recorded with both the n-hexane and methanol fractions after 24h of exposure, was in the range of lethal concentrations of medicinal plant extracts and / or isolated compounds used against Schistosoma mansoni adult worms, such as curcumin isolated from Curcuma longa rhizome [16]; phloroglucinol derivatives from the rhizome of Dryopteris species [17]; Sida pilosa aqueous extract and derived fractions [18]. The activity of C. umbellatum extract and fractions on worm mortality was concentration-dependent in particular for the aqueous extract and the methanol fraction.…”

In Vitro Assessment of the Cercaricidal Activity of Sida acuta Burm. F. and Sida rhombifolia Linn. (Malvaceae) Hydroethanolic Extracts, Cytotoxicity, and Phytochemical Studies

“…(Malvaceae) has been used for centuries in traditional medicines for the prevention and treatment of different diseases such as diarrhea, dysentery, gastrointestinal and urinary infections, cancer, malaria, and helminth infections [ 11 – 18 ]. Moreover, during the last decade, Jatsa et al [ 19 – 21 ] have demonstrated the in vitro and in vivo anti-schistosomal potency of Sida pilosa . In addition, previous investigations on two of the plants of the genus Sida , namely Sida acuta and Sida rhombifolia , reported their anthelmintic and larvicidal activities [ 22 – 24 ].…”