In vitro evaluation of frictional forces between archwires and ceramic brackets

Evaluation of frictional forces between ceramic brackets and archwires of different alloys compared with metal brackets

“…According to other researches, the repeated use of brackets and wires when performing friction tests to evaluate the resistance to sliding forces did not influence the outcomes, 1 and because of this, no trend toward increase or decrease in frictional values has been established. 18,19 In the present study, all tests were performed in artificial saliva to better simulate oral conditions.…”

“…21,23,24 Some authors did not find any relation between roughness of the wire and the amount of friction created; 14 however, other studies show different results. 1,25,26 The composition of the slot is perhaps the most important factor, since the coefficient of friction, which is specific for each pair of materials, depends on it. 6 The present study shows results similar to those of other investigators, who point to SS brackets as the ones producing the lowest frictional forces.…”

Effect of dental arch convexity and type of archwire on frictional forces

“…Since the bracket-wire angulation is higher in the curved model compared to the flat model set-up, the higher frictional forces with the former could be attributed to this reason. Nisho et al 19 also stated that the magnitude of frictional forces are directly proportional with the angulation 13 increase between the bracket and the arch-wire from 0° to10°. Angulation increases in the convex model therefore our results are in agreement with this study although in their study no lubrication was used and the results were again derived from one bracket only.…”

“…One of the determinants of friction is the angulation of the arch-wire to the bracket 12,19 that may create more contact areas or friction components that was the case in the curved model. The contact areas determine the probability of getting large wear track exposed to the environment and as a consequence, the chance of consuming more frictional energy.…”

“…3,15 During the last decade, various in-vitro techniques have been used to describe the frictional behaviour of archwire-bracket combinations. 7,8,19 The most frequently used in-vitro test set-up was the one developed by Kusy and Whitley. 20 The authors investigated friction between brackets and arch-wires under different environmental and mechanical conditions in a universal testing machine either in the dry or wet state.…”