In Vitro Evaluation of Dextran Sulfate Cellulose Beads for Whole Blood Infusion Low‐Density Lipoprotein‐Hemoperfusion

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis is well-established in selected patients with uncontrolled LDL levels. As such treatment affects biomarkers important in atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndromes, we systematically compared the inflammatory response induced by three LDL apheresis columns. Three patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia participated in a cross-over study with six consecutive treatments with three different LDL apheresis columns: DL-75 (whole blood adsorption), LA-15 (plasma adsorption), and EC-50W (plasma filtration). Biochemical parameters and inflammatory biomarkers, including complement activation products and 27 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors were measured before and after treatment. Complement was activated through the alternative pathway. The final end product sC5b-9 increased significantly (P < 0.01) and equally with all devices, whereas the anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a were lower by use of the adsorption columns. Hs-CRP was reduced by 77% (DL-75), 72% (LA-15), and 43% (EC-50W). The cytokines were consistently either increased (IL-1ra, IP-10, MCP-1), decreased (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, RANTES, PDGF, VEGF), or hardly changed (including IL-6, IL8, MIP-1alphabeta) during treatment. The changes were in general less pronounced with the adsorption columns. All columns reduced LDL significantly and to the same extent. In conclusion, three LDL-apheresis devices with equal cholesterol-lowering effect differed significantly with respect to the inflammatory response.

Section: Complementcontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…This column utilizes dextran sulphate cellulose beads for adsorption of LDL. It is modified with regard to the particle size and allows for perfusion and adsorption of LDL cholesterol directly from whole blood [17,18].…”

Section: Ldl Apheresismentioning

confidence: 99%

Different inflammatory responses induced by three LDL‐lowering apheresis columns

Hovland

Hardersen

Sexton

et al. 2009

“…The affinity ligand, dextran sulfate, has been found to exhibit a high affinity to LDL and a low toxicity [18]. The dextran sulfate whole blood adsorber is a new LDL apheresis system, which has been recently introduced [16,17,19]. The dextran sulfate plasma adsorption system uses two LDL adsorption columns with negatively charged dextran sulfate cellulose beads to selectively remove positively charged apo B containing lipoproteins, such as very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or lipoprotein (a), from plasma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dextran‐sulfate‐adsorption of atherosclerotic lipoproteins from whole blood or separated plasma for lipid‐apheresis—Comparison of performance characteristics with DALI and lipidfiltration

Julius

Parhofer²,

Heibges

et al. 2007

For many years dextran sulfate adsorption (DSA) treatment of separated plasma has been an established technology for low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-elimination. Recently a system for the treatment of whole blood based on DSA was introduced into clinical practice. To further characterize DSA treatment of whole blood, the performance characteristics of both DSA modalities were compared at two investigational sites with two alternative LDL apheresis systems being already in routine clinical use. In prospective cross-over design, DSA whole blood treatment was compared with a whole blood polyacrylate LDL adsorption system (DALI) in one study group. DSA for plasma treatment was compared with Lipidfiltration in cross-over design in a second study group. In total, 12 patients on chronic LDL apheresis received 169 treatments. Six patients were treated twice with whole blood polyacrylate adsorption and twice with whole blood DSA. LDL-cholesterol (74.9-78.0%) and lipoprotein (a) (72.1-73.3%) were reduced by both with equal efficacy. DSA achieved a significantly higher reduction rate of fibrinogen. Another six patients were treated eight times with DSA plasma adsorption followed by 16 Lipidfiltration treatments. LDL-cholesterol (67.0-70.2%) and lipoprotein (a) (69.2-73.7%) were reduced by both with equal efficacy. Fibrinogen was eliminated more efficiently by Lipidfiltration (50.2 vs. 38.5%). DSA proved to be a safe and effective in both treatment modes, for plasma as well as for whole blood. At the discretion of the apheresis specialist, depending upon the status of national approval, DSA of whole blood complements the armamentarium of powerful modalities for extracorporeal elimination of atherosclerotic lipoproteins to meet specific individual, medical, or logistic needs.

“…It is modified with regard to the particle size and allows for perfusion and adsorption of LDL cholesterol directly from whole blood [20][21][22].…”

Section: Ldl Apheresismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematologic and hemostatic changes induced by different columns during LDL apheresis

Hovland

Hardersen

Mollnes

et al. 2010

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis is a long-term treatment and its impact on risk factors other than lipoproteins could be of importance. Three patients with familial hypercholesterolemia participated in six consecutive treatments with three different LDL apheresis columns in random order: DL-75, LA-15, and EC-50W. We compared treatment effects on hemoglobin, leukocytes, platelets, fibrinogen, thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and homocysteine. Hemoglobin, leukocytes and platelets decreased significantly with DL-75 (P < 0.05). Hemoglobin and leukocytes increased significantly with LA-15 and EC-50W (P < 0.05). Platelets were unchanged. The DL-75 column was statistically different from LA-15 and EC-50W regarding these parameters. With the columns DL-75, LA-15, and EC-50W fibrinogen decreased significantly by 28%, 32%, and 42%, PAI-1 decreased significantly by 72%, 58%, and 30% while TAT increased significantly by 138%, 3%, and 251%, respectively (P < 0.05 for all). When comparing the columns there were significant differences between all of them regarding fibrinogen, no differences regarding TAT and a difference between DL-75 and EC-50W regarding PAI-1. With the columns DL-75, LA-15 and EC-50W homocysteine decreased 22%, 9%, and 13%, respectively, but there were no inter column differences. In conclusion, the three LDL apheresis columns affected important hematological and hemostatic risk factors differently.