In vitro evaluation of cefdinir (FK482), a new oral cephalosporin with enhanced antistaphylococcal activity and β-lactamase stability

Cohen, Michael; Joannides, E. Themis; Roland, Gregory E.; Meservey, Mark A.; Huband, Michael D.; Shapiro, Martin A.; Sesnie, Josephine C.; Heifetz, Carl L.

doi:10.1016/0732-8893(94)90131-7

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Oral cephalosporins with activity against N. gonorrhoeae include cefuroxime axetil,69, 70 cefaclor,71 cefixime,72-75 cefpodoxime proxetil,76, 77 ceftibuten,78 cefdinir,79 and cefoperozone (see Table 1). 80, 81 The WHO recommends cefixime 400mg and in the United States, cefixime 400mg is the only oral regimen recommended as first line therapy.…”

Section: Cephalosporins For the Treatment Of Gonococcal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of cephalosporins for gonorrhea: the impending problem of resistance

Barry

Klausner²

2009

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy

149

118

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Gonorrhea remains an important clinical and public health problem throughout the world. Gonococcal infections have historically been diagnosed by Gram stain and culture, but are increasingly diagnosed through nucleic acid tests thereby eliminating the opportunity for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Gonococcal infections are typically treated with single-dose therapy with an agent found to cure >95% of cases. Unfortunately, the gonococcus has repeatedly developed resistance to antimicrobials including sulfonamides, penicillin, tetracyclines, and fluoroquinolones. This has left third-generation cephalosporins as the lone class of antimicrobials currently recommended as first line therapy for gonorrhea in some regions. However, resistance to oral third-generation cephalosporins has emerged and spread in Asia, Australia and elsewhere. The mechanism of this resistance seems to be associated with a mosaic penicillin binding protein (penA) in addition to other chromosomal mutations previously found to confer resistance to beta-lactam antimicrobials (ponA, mtrR, penB, pilQ). Few good options exist or are in development for treating cephalosporin resistant isolates as most have had multidrug resistance. Preventing the spread of resistant isolates will depend on ambitious antimicrobial management programs, strengthening and expanding surveillance networks, and through effective sexually transmitted disease control and prevention.

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Section: Cephalosporins For the Treatment Of Gonococcal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of cephalosporins for gonorrhea: the impending problem of resistance

Barry

Klausner²

2009

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy

149

118

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“…and Clostridium spp. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) are usually less than four times the MICs, although some exceptions to this generalization exist. 10, 13 Human serum and urine do not affect cefdinir MIC or MBC values.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cefdinir: An Expanded-Spectrum Oral Cephalosporin

Guay

2000

Ann Pharmacother

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Cefdinir is a second-line alternative to first-line antimicrobial agents, with convenient once- or twice-daily dosing in the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections and skin and skin-structure infections. Similar to other oral expanded-spectrum cephalosporins, cefdinir has activity against common pathogens of the respiratory tract and skin and is stable in the presence of many beta-lactamases. The clinical choice of an oral expanded-spectrum cephalosporin will be based on patient acceptance, frequency of administration, and cost.

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“…Cefdinir (CI-983, FK482) is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum oral cephalosporin antibiotic intended for use in the treatment of mild to moderate bacterial infections (8). It is stable against many ␤-lactamase enzymes (8). The increasing prevalence of ␤-lactamase in pathogens such as Haemophilus spp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and M. catarrhalis makes stability to these enzymes an important consideration in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. In vitro microbiology studies have shown the compound to be microbiologically active against streptococci, S. aureus, Haemophilus spp., M. catarrhalis, and most gram-negative enteric bacteria (8). This report describes the results of a clinical study comparing the efficacy and safety of cefdinir with those of cefaclor in patients with CAP.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of cefdinir and cefaclor in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia

Drehobl¹,

Bianchi²,

Keyserling³

et al. 1997

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Six hundred ninety patients were enrolled in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial comparing the efficacy and safety of cefdinir with those of cefaclor in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. Patients received either 10 days of treatment with cefdinir (n ‫؍‬ 347) at 300 mg twice daily or 10 days of treatment with cefaclor (n ‫؍‬ 343) at 500 mg three times daily. Microbiological assessments were performed on sputum specimens obtained at admission and at the two posttherapy visits, if available. Respiratory tract pathogens were isolated from 538 (78%) of 690 patient admission sputum specimens, with the predominant pathogens being Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. The microbiological eradication rates at the test-of-cure visit were 92% (238 of 260 pathogens) and 93% (245 of 264 pathogens) for the evaluable patients treated with cefdinir and cefaclor, respectively. A satisfactory clinical response (cure plus improvement) was achieved in 89% (166 of 187) and 86% (160 of 186) of the evaluable patients treated with cefdinir and cefaclor, respectively. Except for the incidence of diarrhea, adverse event rates while on treatment were equivalent between the two treatment groups. Diarrhea incidence during therapy was higher for patients treated with cefdinir (13.7%) than for patients treated with cefaclor (5.3%). These results indicate that cefdinir is effective and safe in the treatment of patients with pneumonia.

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In vitro evaluation of cefdinir (FK482), a new oral cephalosporin with enhanced antistaphylococcal activity and β-lactamase stability

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

The use of cephalosporins for gonorrhea: the impending problem of resistance

The use of cephalosporins for gonorrhea: the impending problem of resistance

Cefdinir: An Expanded-Spectrum Oral Cephalosporin

Comparison of cefdinir and cefaclor in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia

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