In vitro embryonation of Syphacia obvelata eggs

Grice, R.L.; Prociv, Paul

doi:10.1016/0020-7519(93)90148-r

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…No significant relationship was recorded between landscape type and abundance for this species. This pattern may be due to the fact that this nematode is less dependent on the external environment and host density as transmission of eggs are mainly through self-infection and direct body contact[28, 101, 102]. A similar relationship was recorded between host density and body-transmitted parasites, such as sucking lice on rodents[28] and wing mites on bats, compared to parasites that have free-living stages[103].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Landscape characteristics influence helminth infestations in a peri-domestic rodent - implications for possible zoonotic disease

Froeschke

Matthee

2014

Parasites & Vectors

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BackgroundAnthropogenic habitat change often results in altered landscapes that can provide new environments where hosts, parasites and pathogens can interact. The latter can have implications for human and animal health when in close proximity to developed areas. We recorded the helminth species richness and level of infestation in the peri-domestic rodent, Rhabdomys pumilio, in three different human linked landscapes. The aim was, to investigate the potential of R. pumilio to act as a reservoir host for zoonotic helminths and to compare the effect of anthropogenic habitat change on its parasite infestation patterns.MethodsRodents (n = 518) were trapped in natural areas (nature reserves) and in three human linked landscapes (crop, livestock and urban fragments). Gastrointestinal parasite burdens were recovered and helminths identified from each animal. Generalized linear models were applied to investigate the effect of different landscape types on helminth infestation.ResultsRhabdomys pumilio was the most abundant rodent species within each landscape type. Eight helminths species were recovered and overall helminth prevalence was 86.68%. Mean helminth species richness, prevalence and abundance were significantly higher in crop fragments compared to natural landscapes and overall lower for nematodes in livestock and urban areas. Cestode prevalence showed a tendency to be elevated at anthropogenic linked landscape types.ConclusionsHost parameters and parasite infestations were strongly influenced by landscape characteristics. Resource-rich landscapes (crop fragments) provide favorable conditions for helminth infestations, while landscapes that are more closely associated with humans (livestock and urban landscapes) pose a larger risk by zoonotic species.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-393) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Syphacia sp. has a direct life cycle where the second larvae stage is protected within the egg capsule and gets passed on mainly through direct contact among host animals[101, 102]. The proximity to its host might be the reason why this nematode species did not show any significant associations in its abundance to landscape type[28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape characteristics influence helminth infestations in a peri-domestic rodent - implications for possible zoonotic disease

Froeschke

Matthee

2014

Parasites & Vectors

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“…Temperature changes have been associated with the parasite development rates [15, 16], while moisture and relative humidity have been reported for maintaining parasite pressure [17, 18]. Optimum moisture and temperature conditions are critical for maintaining the vitality of food stored in (oo)cysts until they are ready for the next stage in their life cycle [19]. Given the importance of temperature and relative humidity in parasite life cycle, it is imperative to study the impact of these factors on intestinal parasites that have been neglected in the scientific studies during the recent years [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Environmental Conditions on the Survival ofCryptosporidiumandGiardiaon Environmental Surfaces

Alum

Absar²,

Asaad³

et al. 2014

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

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The objective of this study was to find out the impact of environmental conditions on the survival of intestinal parasites on environmental surfaces commonly implicated in the transmission of these parasites. The study was performed by incubating Cryptosporidium and Giardia (oo)cysts on environmentally relevant surfaces such as brushed stainless steel, formica, ceramic, fabric, and skin. Parallel experiments were conducted using clean and soiled coupons incubated under three temperatures. The die-off coefficient rates (K) were calculated using first-order exponential formula. For both parasites, the fastest die-off was recorded on fabric, followed by ceramic, formica, skin, and steel. Die-off rates were directly correlated to the incubation temperatures and surface porosity. The presence of organic matter enhanced the survivability of the resting stages of test parasites. The decay rates calculated in this study can be used in models for public health decision-making process and highlights the mitigation role of hand hygiene agents in their prevention and control.

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“…The sticky eggs are laid by the adult female worms, and larvae develop to the infective third stage within the egg, and infection occurs after the ingestion of these eggs, often during grooming or coprophagy (Boag et al 2001). Among the helminths parasites of rabbits, P. ambiguus is the species most likely to be adapted to the intensive breeding farms, as its infective larvae do not leave the egg until the egg is ingested by the host (Grice and Prociv 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passalurus ambiguus: new insights into copromicroscopic diagnosis and circadian rhythm of egg excretion

et al. 2007

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The present paper reports a study on the in vivo diagnosis and egg excretion rhythm of the pinworm Passalurus ambiguus in domesticated rabbits. Three copromicroscopic techniques were compared: the cellophane tape test, the McMaster technique, and the FLOTAC technique. Out of the 51 New Zealand White rabbit does examined, 42 (82.3%) resulted positive when examined with the FLOTAC technique, 39 (76.5%) with the cellophane tape test, and 29 (56.9%) with the McMaster technique. The agreement between the FLOTAC technique and the cellophane tape test was almost perfect (greater than 0.8); only moderate were the agreements (0.4) between the FLOTAC and the McMaster techniques and between the McMaster technique and the cellophane tape test. The results showed that the FLOTAC technique can be used for the quali-quantitative coprological diagnosis of P. ambiguus in rabbits due to its great sensitivity, as already shown for parasites of other animal species. The circadian rhythm of egg excretion by P. ambiguus was studied utilizing 42 individually caged rabbit does; fecal samples were collected from each cage every 6 h, i.e., at 6:00-12:00 hours, 12:00-18:00 hours, 18:00-24:00 hours, and 24:00-6:00 hours, and were analyzed by the FLOTAC technique. A circadian rhythm of P. ambiguus egg excretion was found, with significant lower values at 6:00-12:00 hours. In conclusion, the present study showed that the FLOTAC technique is the best copromicroscopic method for assessing P. ambiguus prevalence and intensity in rabbits and that the afternoon and evening hours are the best times for fecal sampling to perform the pinworm diagnosis.

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In vitro embryonation of Syphacia obvelata eggs

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Landscape characteristics influence helminth infestations in a peri-domestic rodent - implications for possible zoonotic disease

Landscape characteristics influence helminth infestations in a peri-domestic rodent - implications for possible zoonotic disease

Impact of Environmental Conditions on the Survival ofCryptosporidiumandGiardiaon Environmental Surfaces

Passalurus ambiguus: new insights into copromicroscopic diagnosis and circadian rhythm of egg excretion

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