In vitro effects of very low levels of aflatoxin B1 on free radicals production and bactericidal activity of bovine blood neutrophils

Mehrzad, Jalil; Klein, G.; Kamphues, J.; Wolf, Petra; Grabowski, Nils Th.; Schuberth, H. J.

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.01.010

Cited by 53 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Additionally, IFNT mRNA is first expressed in 16-cell stage in vitro fertilized embryos on day 4 [11], and IFNT protein was detected in the trophectoderm of nonhatched blastocysts on day 7 using confocal microscopy [12]. These findings suggest that IFNT signals are transmitted before the MRP (around days [15][16][17][18][19] in cows. On the other hand, general alterations occur in the maternal inflammatory and immune system during pregnancy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…To check the purity of PBMCs and PMNs before use in the experiment, the PBMCs and PMNs were subjected to a flow cytometric evaluation (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, UAS), and they were found to be >98% and >95% pure, respectively (Fig. 2) [16][17][18]. To analyze mRNA expression, PMNs and PBMCs were placed into 1.5-ml microcentrifuge tubes with 400 µl of TRIzol reagent and stored at −80 C until analysis.…”

Section: In Vivo Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The suspension was layered onto Ficoll-Paque solution (Lymphoprep, Axis-Shield, Oslo, Norway) and then centrifuged at 1000 × g at 10 C for 30 min as described previous study [16][17][18]. The plasma and buffy coat (population of mononuclear cells) were separated as PBMCs layer.…”

Section: In Vivo Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PBMCs and PMNs were isolated from whole blood collected via jugular venipuncture on days 4-5, 7-8 and 10-12 of the estrous cycle (day of ovulation = day 1; non-AI cows, n = 4) as described previously [17,18]. Isolated PBMCs and PMNs were resuspended at a concentration of 5 × 10 6 cell/ml in RPMI 1640 medium containing 0.1% FBS, gentamicin (50 mg/l) and amphotericin B (2.5 mg/l) purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA).…”

Section: In Vitro Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2) [16][17][18]. To analyze mRNA expression, PMNs and PBMCs were placed into 1.5-ml microcentrifuge tubes with 400 µl of TRIzol reagent and stored at −80 C until analysis. …”

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confidence: 99%

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Upregulation of Interferon-stimulated Genes and Interleukin-10 in Peripheral Blood Immune Cells During Early Pregnancy in Dairy Cows

et al. 2012

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Abstract. In cows, interferon-tau (IFNT) regulates maternal recognition around days 15-19 after artificial insemination (AI). The present study hypothesized that if key target genes of IFNT are clearly upregulated in earlier stages of pregnancy, these genes could be use as indices of future pregnancy in cows. Therefore, we determined the expression of these genes in peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBMCs) and polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMNs) during the maternal recognition period (MRP). Twenty multiparous Holstein cows were subjected to AI on day 0 and categorized into the following groups: pregnancy (Preg, n = 9), embryonic death (ED, n = 5) and non-pregnancy (NP, n = 6). Progesterone levels in the Preg group were higher than those in the NP group on days 12-21. ISG15 and OAS-1 (IFN-stimulated genes: ISGs) mRNA in PBMCs on day 8 was higher in the Preg group than in the NP group, and these mRNAs in PMNs was higher in the Preg group on day 5 than in the NP and ED groups. Interleukin-10 (IL-10, Th2 cytokine) mRNA expression increased on day 8 in the PBMCs of pregnant cows. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα, Th1 cytokine) mRNA expression was stable in all groups. In an in vitro cell culture experiment, IFNT stimulated mRNA expression of ISGs in both PBMCs and PMNs. IFNT stimulated IL-10 mRNA expression in PBMCs, whereas IFNT increased TNFα mRNA levels in PBMCs in vitro. The results suggest that ISGs and IL-10 could be responsive to IFNT before the MRP in peripheral blood immune cells and may be useful target genes for reliable indices of pregnancy before the MRP. Key words: Cow, Immune cells, Interferon tau, Pregnancy (J. Reprod. Dev. 58: [84][85][86][87][88][89][90] 2012) D uring the past 5 decades, milk production per cow has dramatically increased because of improved management, nutrition, and genetic selection [1,2]. In contrast, the decreases in fertility and conception rates of the modern high-producing dairy cow are the major causes of economic loss for dairy producers [2,3]. After establishment of pregnancy in domestic ruminants, the conceptus secretes interferon-tau (IFNT) as a maternal recognition factor [4]. IFNT acts in the uterus around day 16 after insemination and prevents luteolysis by inhibiting prostaglandin F 2α release, resulting in the maintenance of corpus luteum function; therefore, this period is termed the maternal recognition period (MRP) [5]. IFNT induces the synthesis and secretion of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) such as ISG15, 2′,5′-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS-1), IFN regulatory factor 1, Mx1 and Mx2 not only in the uterus but also in blood cells in ewes and cows [6][7][8][9][10]. In fact, in bovine peripheral blood leukocytes, ISG15 mRNA levels were higher in pregnant cows than in nonpregnant cows on days 18 and 20 after artificial insemination (AI) [7][8][9]. Technology for the early detection of pregnancy is needed to identify nonpregnant cows and to synchronize and artificially inseminate these cows prior to the next ovulation, and many studies have focused on identify...

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mentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: In Vivo Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vivo Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vitro Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2) [16][17][18]. To analyze mRNA expression, PMNs and PBMCs were placed into 1.5-ml microcentrifuge tubes with 400 µl of TRIzol reagent and stored at −80 C until analysis. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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