In vitro effects of trichothecenes on human dendritic cells

Hymery, Nolwenn; Sibiril, Y.; Parent‐Massin, D.

doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2006.01.015

Cited by 51 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In contrast to our results in which T-2 toxin reduced IL-1 production by peritoneal m , a significant increase of IL-I and IL-6 in supernatants of chondrocytes cultivated for 24 h with T-2 toxin at 8 ng mL −1 after PMA stimulation is reported previously [31] . Present results also are in favour of Hymery et al [35] who demonstrated that trichothecenes have adverse effects on dendritic cells maturation process. Therefore, Effect of T-2 toxin on peritoneal macrophages and lymphoid T cells of mice observed in this study in some parts is different that those described in the literature [36,37] , which could be contributed to the dose and condition used in this study.…”

Section: Results and Discusstionsupporting

confidence: 59%

T-2 Toxin Regulated Ganoderma lucidum Induced Cytokine Release

Ahmadi¹,

Riazipour²

2008

American J. of Immunology

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Abstract:The water-soluble extract of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) has been used as immunomodulator to stimulate spleen cells proliferation and cytokine expression. It has also been shown that at some level of exposure, T-2 toxin typically act as immunosuppressive agent and can increase disease susceptibility. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of T-2 toxin on cytokine production by Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) treated-cells. Mice peritoneal macrophages and lymphoid T cells were prepared by usual manner and plated out at 1×10 6 or 1×10 4 cell/well respectively in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% FCS, 50 µg streptomycin and 50U penicillin. Cells were incubated with different concentrations of G. lucidum in the presence or absence of 1 ng mLT-2 toxin at 37°C and 5% CO 2 for 48 h. Cell free medium was removed and used for cytokine assay by ELISA method. The results showed that T-2 toxin in the absence of G.lucidum enhanced IL-2, IFN-γ release compared with control group, but it reduced the production of other cytokines. G. lucidum enhanced the production of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-12, IL-2 and IFN-γ compared with control group, but reduced IL-4 and IL-10 release. T-2 toxin, up regulated the enhancement effect of G. lucidum on IFN-γ, IL-2 and TNF-α, but it down regulated its effect on the production of other cytokines. In conclution our results indicate that T-2 toxin at 1 ng mL −1 may augment the immunomodulating effects of G. lucidum on cytokine release.

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Section: Results and Discusstionsupporting

confidence: 59%

T-2 Toxin Regulated Ganoderma lucidum Induced Cytokine Release

Ahmadi¹,

Riazipour²

2008

American J. of Immunology

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“…This transformational change is induced by infectious stimuli that include many fungal pathogens such as C. albicans (54), A. fumigatus (55), C. neoformans (18), and Coccidioides posadasii (56), and nonpathogenic species or their products including Ganoderma lucidum (57), Cordyceps sinensis (58), Clitocybe nebularis (59), Hericium erinaceus (60), Malassezia furfur (61), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (62). Moreover, although a pathogenic fungus has never been demonstrated to inhibit DC maturation, isolated fungal products have been shown to inhibit DC maturation (63,64). To determine whether DCs mature in the presence of C. gattii, we incubated DCs in the presence or absence of strain R265 or R272 and assessed for surface expression of MHC II, CD86, CD80, CD83, CCR7, MR, CD32, and CD11c.…”

Section: Human Dcs Have Dysregulated Maturation In Response To C Gattiimentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptococcus gattii Is Killed by Dendritic Cells, but Evades Adaptive Immunity by Failing To Induce Dendritic Cell Maturation

Huston

Stack

et al. 2013

The Journal of Immunology

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During adaptive immunity to pathogens, dendritic cells (DCs) capture, kill, process, and present microbial Ags to T cells. Ag presentation is accompanied by DC maturation driven by appropriate costimulatory signals. However, current understanding of the intricate regulation of these processes remains limited. Cryptococcus gattii, an emerging fungal pathogen in the Pacific Northwest of Canada and the United States, fails to stimulate an effective immune response in otherwise healthy hosts leading to morbidity or death. Because immunity to fungal pathogens requires intact cell-mediated immunity initiated by DCs, we asked whether C. gattii causes dysregulation of DC functions. C. gattii was efficiently bound and internalized by human monocyte-derived DCs, trafficked to late phagolysosomes, and killed. Yet, even with this degree of DC activation, the organism evaded pathways leading to DC maturation. Despite the ability to recognize and kill C. gattii, immature DCs failed to mature; there was no increased expression of MHC class II, CD86, CD83, CD80, and CCR7, or decrease of CD11c and CD32, which resulted in suboptimal T cell responses. Remarkably, no increase in TNF-α was observed in the presence of C. gattii. However, addition of recombinant TNF-α or stimulation that led to TNF-α production restored DC maturation and restored T cell responses. Thus, despite early killing, C. gattii evades DC maturation, providing a potential explanation for its ability to infect immunocompetent individuals. We have also established that DCs retain the ability to recognize and kill C. gattii without triggering TNF-α, suggesting independent or divergent activation pathways among essential DC functions.

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“…The exposure to the T-2 toxin causes leukopenia and cell depletion in lymphoid organs, it inhibits erythropoiesis in the bone marrow and spleen (Nagata et al 2001, Grizzle et al 2004, Parent-Massin 2004. T-2 intoxication can significantly impair antibody production (Niyo et al 1988, Kamalavenkatesh et al 2005, Li et al 2006a, it reduces the proliferative response of lymphocytes (Rafai et al 1995, Kamalavenkatesh et al 2005 and hinders the development of dendritic cells (Hymery et al 2006, Hymery et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of T-2 toxin on percentages of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+CD8+ and CD21+ lymphocytes, and mRNA expression levels of selected cytokines in porcine ileal Peyer’s patches

Obremski

Podlasz²,

Żmigrodzka³

et al. 2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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The immune system is one of the main toxicity targets of the T-2 toxin. In view of scant research data demonstrating the effect of T-2 on cellular and humoral responses in gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), this study set out to investigate the effects of chronic exposure to low doses of the T-2 toxin (200 μg T-2 toxin kg -1 feed) on percentages of CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes, CD4 + /CD8 + double-positive T lymphocytes, CD21 + B cells, and IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA expression levels in porcine ileal Peyer's patches. The investigated material comprised ileum sections sampled from piglets (aged 8-10 weeks, body weight of 15-18 kg) on days 14, 28 and 42 of the experiment.After 42 days of exposure to T-2, a significant drop in the quantity of the IL-10 product was observed (R=0.94; S.E. 0.49-0.79; p<0.001). A gradual decrease in the amount of IL-4 and IFN-γ cytokine transcripts was found throughout the experiment, but the reported trend was not significant. On experimental days 14 and 42, a significant increase in the percentage of CD8 + T lymphocytes was observed in comparison with the control (p=0.04 and p=0.05, respectively), whereas on day 28, a significant decrease in the percentage of the above subpopulation was noted (p=0.00). The percentage of CD21 + B cells in the experimental group decreased steadily in comparison with the control, and the observed drop was significant on days 28 and 42 (p=0.06 and p=0.00, respectively). On days 14 and 28, the percentages of CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes were lower in the experimental animals than in the control group, and the drop reported on day 28 was statistically significant (p=0.03).

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In vitro effects of trichothecenes on human dendritic cells

Cited by 51 publications

References 35 publications

T-2 Toxin Regulated Ganoderma lucidum Induced Cytokine Release

T-2 Toxin Regulated Ganoderma lucidum Induced Cytokine Release

Cryptococcus gattii Is Killed by Dendritic Cells, but Evades Adaptive Immunity by Failing To Induce Dendritic Cell Maturation

The effect of T-2 toxin on percentages of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+CD8+ and CD21+ lymphocytes, and mRNA expression levels of selected cytokines in porcine ileal Peyer’s patches

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