In vitro Effects of High Energy Shock Wave Alone and Combined with Anticancer Drugs on Human Bladder Cancer Cells

Rahman, Md. Mizanur

doi:10.1159/000282624

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The in vitro effects of shock waves are due to a suppression of cell proliferation correlated with an apoptotic cell death process; moreover, HESW treatment has been shown to cause a transient increase in cell membrane permeability by opening micropores (such as electroporation), allowing higher intracellular drug concentration (12-16). This effect has been shown as being capable of increasing the cytotoxicity of various chemotherapeutic agents on different tumour types, allowing treatments with lower doses of drugs in vitro (17)(18)(19), in vivo in animal models (12,20) and in one patient with prostate cancer (21).This evidence led us to study the effects of HESW on OS cell lines and how to enhance cytotoxicity with a combined therapy with HESW and doxorubicin (DOXO) or methotrexate (MTX). These cytotoxic agents have been chosen since their well-known activity against OS and their routine use in clinical protocols for the treatment of OS patients (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27).…”

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confidence: 99%

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High energy shock waves enhance the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin and methotrexate to human osteosarcoma cell lines

Palmero

Berger²,

Venturi³

et al. 2006

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. Despite recent advances, the prognosis of relapsed osteosarcoma patients remains very poor. Application of high energy shock waves may change the tumour cell growth and increase the cytotoxic effect of in vivo and in vitro chemotherapeutic agents. We studied the effect of their association with doxorubicin or methotrexate on three in vitro osteosarcoma cell lines. The effect of these combinations on SJSA-1, MG-63 and HOS human osteosarcoma cell lines were evaluated through incubation with doxorubicin or methotrexate and high energy shock wave treatment with 1000 shots at 0.22 mJ/mm 2 and an evaluation of the cell number, cell proliferation and apoptosis at days 1, 3 and 6 from the start of treatment. The combination of high energy shock waves and doxorubicin induced a statistically significant advantage in terms of a decrease in cell number on the SJSA-1 and HOS cell lines, a decrease of cell proliferation on all three cell lines and an increase of apoptosis only on the SJSA-1 cell line. The combination of high energy shock waves with methotrexate induced a decrease of the cell number only in the SJSA-1 and in the HOS cell lines, of the cell proliferation in the SJSA-1 and in the MG-63 cell lines, and an increase of apoptosis only on the SJSA-1 cell line. In conclusion, these experiments show an interesting effect of high energy shock waves on osteosarcoma cell lines, which could lead to future studies of the in vivo effects of high energy shock waves in the murine model as well. IntroductionOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent bone tumour and is most common between the ages of 15 and 25. A high number of patients have a high-grade tumour, which prognosis has dramatically improved from 10-15% to 65-70% in the last 25 years, thanks to the use of adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (1,2). Nevertheless, despite continuing scientific research into the treatment, the prognosis of the patients with OS in metastatic relapse, especially to bones (3), is still very poor; even with a recently concluded Italian and Scandinavian phase II protocol including high-dose chemotherapy the 3-year overall survival and the 3-year disease free-survival rates were only 20% and 12% respectively (4).The search of new treatments for improving the survival of the patients without increasing the collateral effects of the chemotherapy has led us to study new ways to increase the chemo-sensitivity of the OS cells.High energy shock waves (HESW) are routinely used in clinical practise in orthopaedic and in urology to treat a number of different diseases, such as urinary stones, non-unions of the bone fractures, tennis elbow, calcifying tendonitis, pseudoarthrosis and necrosis of the femoral head (5,6).In the past, many studies of HESW were conducted on different human and animal tumour cell lines, describing an alteration of the cell growth (7-11). The in vitro effects of shock waves are due to a suppression of cell proliferation correlated with an apoptotic cell death process; moreover, HESW treatment has been shown to cause a t...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High energy shock waves enhance the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin and methotrexate to human osteosarcoma cell lines

Palmero

Berger²,

Venturi³

et al. 2006

Oncol Rep

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“…Toxicity is characterized by the loss of plasma membrane integrity and release of the cytoplasmic enzyme LDH (Wyllie et al, 1980). The release of LDH into the culture supernatant has been used as an indicator of cell death (Phillips et al, 1996), and human bladder cancer cells have been shown to release LDH when treated with cytotoxic agents (Rahman, 1994). As shown in Figure 4, MCC is not cytotoxic towards HT-1376 cells, as determined by the release of LDH into the culture supernatant.…”

Section: Inhibition Of Cancer Cell Proliferation By MCCmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium phlei cell wall complex directly induces apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells

et al. 1998

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Intact mycobacteria and mycobacterial cell wall extracts have been shown to inhibit the growth of human and murine bladder cancer. Their mechanism of action is, however, poorly understood. Mycobacterium phlei mycobacterial cell complex (MCC) is a cell wall preparation that has mycobacterial DNA in the form of short oligonucleotides complexed on the cell wall surface. In this study, we have investigated the possibility that MCC has anti-cancer activity that is mediated by two different mechanisms – a direct effect on cancer cell proliferation and viability and an indirect effect mediated by the production of interleukin 12 (IL-12), a cytokine known to possess anti-cancer activity. We have found that, although MCC is a potent inducer of IL-12 and IL-6 synthesis in monocytes and macrophages either in vitro or in vivo, it is unable to induce the synthesis of either IL-12, IL-6 or granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by the human transitional bladder cancer cell lines HT-1197 and HT-1376. MCC is not directly cytotoxic towards these cancer cells, but induces apoptosis as determined by nuclear DNA fragmentation and by the release of nuclear mitotic apparatus protein. Mycobacterium phlei DNA associated with MCC is responsible for the induction of apoptosis. Our results indicate that MCC directly effects bladder cancer cells by inhibiting cellular proliferation through the induction of apoptosis, and has the potential for an indirect anti-cancer activity by stimulating cancer-infiltrating monocytes/macrophages to synthesize IL-12. © 1999 Cancer Research Campaign

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“…[1][2][3] The apparent feasibility of exposing a spatially limited region of the body to a potentially destructive form of mechanical energy has led to the idea of applying shock waves in tumor therapy. 4) Previous results have not necessarily been promising, in cases of shock wave therapy alone, [4][5][6][7][8] or in combination with various anti-cancer agents, for example, cisplatinum, [9][10][11][12][13] mitomycin C (MMC), 12,13) actinomycin D, 12) methotrexete 13) and adriamycin (ADR). 11,13,14) However, we have reported that the combination of focused shock waves and bleomycin (BLM) reduced the IC 50 of BLM to 1/10 000-1/100 000 in various human cancer cell lines, when compared to BLM alone.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Anti‐tumor Effect of Combination of Bleomycin and Shock Waves

Kato¹,

Ioritani²,

Suzuki

et al. 2000

Japanese Journal of Cancer Research

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We have previously reported marked enhancement of the cytocidal effect of bleomycin (BLM) on cancer cell suspensions in vitro by the combination with shock waves. In this study, we evaluated the synergistic effects on cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis in solid tumors. A spherical piezoceramic element was used as the shock wave source, with a pressure peak of 40 MPa. A human colon cancer cell line, SW480 was implanted onto the back of nude mice. Two thousand shock waves were administered to the tumor immediately following an intravenous injection of BLM at a dose of one-tenth of the LD 50 . The tumor was extirpated at 3, 6, 12, 24, 72 h and 1 week following shock exposure. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by Ki-67 using antibody MIB-1 and by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method. The lowest percentage (35.7%) of Ki-67-positive cells appeared 24 h following the treatment. The maximum apoptotic index was detected within 6 h following the treatment. Moreover, numerous large cells with enlarged nuclei were detected histologically. These results suggest that shock waves may enhance chemotherapeutic effects by increasing apoptosis and decreasing cell proliferation in the tumor tissue. Key words: Shock wave -Bleomycin -SW480 -TUNEL -Mitotic deathA focused underwater shock wave can exert a high acoustic intensity in deep portions of the body without causing damage to adjacent tissues because of its high permeability through the tissues.1-3) The apparent feasibility of exposing a spatially limited region of the body to a potentially destructive form of mechanical energy has led to the idea of applying shock waves in tumor therapy. 4)Previous results have not necessarily been promising, in cases of shock wave therapy alone, [4][5][6][7][8] or in combination with various anti-cancer agents, for example, cisplatinum, 9-13) mitomycin C (MMC), 12, 13) actinomycin D, 12) methotrexete 13) and adriamycin (ADR). 11, 13, 14) However, we have reported that the combination of focused shock waves and bleomycin (BLM) reduced the IC 50 of BLM to 1/10 000-1/100 000 in various human cancer cell lines, when compared to BLM alone. 15,16) This effect was detected even with a weak shock wave energy, which alone had almost no cytotoxic effect, and the degree of cytotoxicity enhancement was proportional to the amount of shock wave energy applied. 15,16) Immediately after shock wave exposure, cancer cells were examined under scanning and transmission electron microscopes. Numerous dimples (diameters distributed from 0.05 to 0.5 µm) became apparent on the cell surface.15, 16) These dimples were concluded to be pores penetrating through the cell membrane, because reagents such as propidium iodide and 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein could enter the cytoplasm of the cells treated with shock waves. The mechanism of this enhancement of chemotherapeutic effect was considered to be the entry of BLM molecules into cells through pores opened by the shock waves, but the details rem...

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In vitro Effects of High Energy Shock Wave Alone and Combined with Anticancer Drugs on Human Bladder Cancer Cells

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

High energy shock waves enhance the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin and methotrexate to human osteosarcoma cell lines

High energy shock waves enhance the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin and methotrexate to human osteosarcoma cell lines

Mycobacterium phlei cell wall complex directly induces apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells

Mechanism of Anti‐tumor Effect of Combination of Bleomycin and Shock Waves

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