In vitro effect of hormones on the hormone content of rat peritoneal and thymic cells. Is there an endocrine network inside the immune system?

Human lymphocytes contain the three biogenic amine, similar to rat. However, while each amine was present in monocytes, in granulocytes serotonin and epinephrine were not demonstrated. The results call attention to the possible extrapolation of animal data to human lymphocytes and monocytes, but in the case of granulocytes, caution is needed. Taking into consideration earlier results, activated T cells appear to have an important role in the loss or production of hormones inside the immune system.

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“…In addition, this content is dependent on its metabolism and secretion as regulated by different factors [3,6,13,16,17].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence and distribution of biogenic amines (histamine, serotonin and epinephrine) in immunophenotyped human immune cells

Pállinger

Csaba

2008

Inflamm. res.

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“…Studying the hormone content of thymocytes, triiodothyronine (T3, regulated by TSH) [69][70][71], adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), beta-endorphin [72], histamine, and serotonin [69] were found. T3 level is changing, and is dependent on the light-dark cycle [73].…”

Section: Effect Of Thymic Self-hormones On Non-immune Cells and Functmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypothyroidism (caused by drugs) provokes the involution of thymus [95], manifested in enhanced thymocyte development [96] and T3 production by it [71]. Insulin, oxytocin, gonadotropin, and EGF strongly influenced ACTH, endorphin and T3 production by thymocytes, while ACTH synthesis was reduced [70] in in vitro experiments. Histamine and serotonin treatments in vitro radically reduced T3 content of thymocytes as well as the amine content of each other [97].…”

Section: Effect Of Other (Non-thymic-self) Hormones On the Thymusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunoendocrine Thymus as a Pacemaker of Lifespan

Csaba¹

2016

Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica

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The thymus develops from an endocrine area of the foregut, and retains the ancient potencies of this region. However, later it is populated by bone marrow originated lymphatic elements and forms a combined organ, which is a central part of the immune system as well as an influential element of the endocrine orchestra. Thymus produces self-hormones (thymulin, thymosin, thymopentin, and thymus humoral factor), which are participating in the regulation of immune cell transformation and selection, and also synthesizes hormones similar to that of the other endocrine glands such as melatonin, neuropeptides, and insulin, which are transported by the immune cells to the sites of requests (packed transport). Thymic (epithelial and immune) cells also have receptors for hormones which regulate them. This combined organ, which is continuously changing from birth to senescence seems to be a pacemaker of life. This function is basically regulated by the selection of self-responsive thymocytes as their complete destruction helps the development (up to puberty) and their gradual release in case of weakened control (after puberty) causes the erosion of cells and intercellular material, named aging. This means that during aging, self-destructive and non-protective immune activities are manifested under the guidance of the involuting thymus, causing the continuous irritation of cells and organs. Possibly the pineal body is the main regulator of the pacemaker, the neonatal removal of which results in atrophy of thymus and wasting disease and its later corrosion causes the insufficiency of thymus. The co-involution of pineal and thymus could determine the aging and the time of death without external intervention; however, external factors can negatively influence both of them.

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“…The hormones studied are present in rat immune cells. In earlier experiments, 28 insulin treatment reduced the ACTH content of the monocytegranulocyte group (as in case of Con-A); however, the endorphin content was significantly elevated in each cell type (which was not influenced at all in the case of Con-A). It seems likely that at a low phylogenetic level, Con-A insulinomometic effect is complete; however, it dwindles in the higher grades of phylogeny.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Effect of concanavalin A (Con‐A) on the hormone production of the unicellular Tetrahymena and the immune cells of the rat. A comparative study

Csaba

Pállinger

2008

Cell Biochemistry & Function

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Tetrahymena populations were treated with 10(-15) g ml(-1) or 10(-6) g ml(-1) concanavalin-A (Con-A) in tryptone-yeast medium for 1 h. Rat peritoneal immune cells (mast cells, lymphocytes, monocyte-granulocyte group) were also treated with 10(-6) g ml(-1) Con-A, for 1 h. The cells' hormone (ACTH, histamine, serotonin, endorphin, triiodothyronine (T(3))) content was measured by using immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. The extremely low dose of Con-A universally and significantly elevated the hormone contents, while the result of higher dose was uncertain. In the immune cells, Con-A significantly decreased the ACTH level in each cell type and histamine level in mast cells. The results demonstrate the very high sensitivity of Tetrahymena receptors for a non-hormone (lectin) molecule, which can bind to the insulin receptors and mimics the effect of insulin. The results also show that Tetrahymena receptors are more sensitive to lower concentrations of molecules than to higher ones. The universal hormone-production stimulating effect of Con-A-which is observed in Tetrahymena-is specified in rat.

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In vitro effect of hormones on the hormone content of rat peritoneal and thymic cells. Is there an endocrine network inside the immune system?

Cited by 21 publications

References 37 publications

Presence and distribution of biogenic amines (histamine, serotonin and epinephrine) in immunophenotyped human immune cells

Presence and distribution of biogenic amines (histamine, serotonin and epinephrine) in immunophenotyped human immune cells

The Immunoendocrine Thymus as a Pacemaker of Lifespan

Effect of concanavalin A (Con‐A) on the hormone production of the unicellular Tetrahymena and the immune cells of the rat. A comparative study

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