In vitro dissolution characteristics of beryllium oxide and beryllium metal aerosols

Finch, Gregory L.; Mewhinney, J.A.; Eidson, Arthur F.; Hoover, Mark D.; Rothenberg, Simon J.

doi:10.1016/0021-8502(88)90273-x

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Analysis of the data yields a rapid phase value of k = 2.2 x 10 -4 g/m 2 -day. This rate constant is consistent with values reported for the rapid dissolution phase of beryllium oxide in 0.1 N HCl, k = 3.3 x 10 -4 g/m 2 -day, and a simulant of extracellular lung fluid (pH 7.4), k = 6.3 x 10 -6 g/m 2 -day (Finch et al 1988). …”

Section: Development Of Cellular Methods For Determining Dissolution supporting

confidence: 89%

“…Analysis of the cell pellet from the low-speed spin detected 0.270 µg Be in the pellet containing M DI and M UDI , indicating 99% of beryllium was retained intracellular within 48 hours of dosing. It is known that beryllium oxide dissolution is biphasic, comprised of an early rapid dissolution phase during the first 48 hours followed by a slower long-term dissolution phase (Finch et al 1988). Analysis of the data yields a rapid phase value of k = 2.2 x 10 -4 g/m 2 -day.…”

Section: Development Of Cellular Methods For Determining Dissolution mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Technology Development, Evaluation, and Application (TDEA) FY 2001 Progress Report Environment, Safety, and Health (ESH) Division

Hoffman¹,

Alvar²,

Buhl³

et al. 2002

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This progress report presents the results of 11 projects funded ($500K) in FY01 by the Technology Development, Evaluation, and Application (TDEA) Committee of the Environment, Safety, and Health Division (ESH). Five projects fit into the Health Physics discipline, 5 projects are environmental science and one is industrial hygiene/ safety. As a result of their TDEA-funded projects, investigators have published sixteen papers in professional journals, proceedings, or Los Alamos reports and presented their work at professional meetings. Supplement funds and in-kind contributions, such as staff time, instrument use, and workspace, were also provided to TDEA-funded projects by organizations external to ESH Divisions.The four most recent reports in the unclassified series are LA-13438-PR, LA-13579-PR, LA-13766-PR, and LA-13901-PR. Photographs without negative numbers are the property of the author.On cover at left, the diagram shows chronic beryllium disease cellular processing of particles from phagocytosis to antigen presentation. T-cell IntroductionThe public expects that the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL, Laboratory) will operate in a manner that prevents negative impacts to the environment and protects the safety and health of its employees and the public. To achieve this goal within budget, the Department of Energy (DOE) and the Laboratory must develop new and improved environment, safety, and health (ES&H) technologies and implement innovative, more cost effective ES&H approaches to operations.The Environment, Health, and Safety Division (ESH) is a multifaceted division with activities and responsibilities that require technology development and application in addition to the technical and operational support of Laboratory activities. Protecting the health of LANL workers and the public is a major effort with expenditures of over $60 million dollars a year. In fiscal year (FY) 95, the division established the Technology Development, Evaluation, and Application (TDEA) Program. The program is managed by a steering committee with members from both within ESH Division as well as outside the division.The program emphasizes cost effectively improving worker health and safety by becoming more efficient, making better use of resources, and addressing special needs and problems. Now in its seventh year, the program's success can more clearly be evaluated by comparing its accomplishments with the initial TDEA Committee priorities. In the body of this report, the reader will find a mini-progress report for each ES&H discipline represented in the TDEA. The program concentrates on four topical areas: 1) dosimetry, 2) hazards protection, 3) instrumentation, and 4) monitoring. However, the committee considers funding other topics that have compelling justification or significant immediate impact.In its first year, the TDEA Committee allocated $300K to support five projects for six months. Over the past seven years, this allocation has remained steady at approximately $500K per year, and the allocation ...

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Section: Development Of Cellular Methods For Determining Dissolution supporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Development Of Cellular Methods For Determining Dissolution mentioning

confidence: 97%

Technology Development, Evaluation, and Application (TDEA) FY 2001 Progress Report Environment, Safety, and Health (ESH) Division

Hoffman¹,

Alvar²,

Buhl³

et al. 2002

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show abstract

“…Since the three aerosols used in this study were relatively insoluble in water, clearance should be an important mechanism of particle elimination from the lung (ACGIH, 2009;Stefaniak et al, 2007;Finch et al, 1988). However, as Be metal and Be aluminium are slightly soluble in water and dilute alkali, compared with BeO, which is very sparingly soluble in these media, dissolution of Be metal and Be aluminium should be more important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Urinary levels, tissue concentrations and lung inflammation after nose‐only exposure to three different chemical forms of beryllium

Müller¹,

Mazer²,

Salehi³

et al. 2010

J of Applied Toxicology

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This study aimed to determine the toxicity and toxicokinetic of three Be chemical species A total of 120 mice (four groups of 30) were nose-only exposed. The first group was used as a control while the three others were exposed to 250 microg m(-3) of fine particles of three different Be species (Be metal, Be-F; Be oxide, BeO-F; Be aluminium, BeAl-F). Exposure lasted over three consecutive weeks, five days per week and 6 h per day. Blood and several tissues were collected one week after exposure. Urines were collected before the beginning of exposure, at the end of every week of exposure and one week after exposure. Results showed that urine concentrations were different from one Be species to another and that excretion continued after the end of exposure. Except for BeO-F, where Be urine concentrations were stable during the three weeks of exposure, concentrations of Be-F and BeAl-F reached a peak after the first week. According to particle size, BeO-F obtained the highest theoretical pulmonary deposition rate, which partially led to the highest Be lung concentration. This group also presented the lowest urine concentration but that did not lead to more severe lung inflammation. Moreover, even if BeAl-F obtained the lowest percentage theoretical pulmonary deposition, it showed the highest Be urinary concentration, the lowest Be lung concentration and the lowest lung toxicity. In this specific case, a high Be concentration in urine did not reflect a high exposure or a severe toxic effect.

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“…Beryllium particles (metal, oxides, alloys, and others) are relatively insoluble and may be retained in the body for years, a condition which is sufficient for the formation and growth of granulomas (Stefaniak et al 2003). In vitro studies of the dissolution of beryllium from particles using an extracellular simulant lung fluid (Finch et al 1988), canine alveolar macrophages (Eidson et al 1991), a phagolysosomal simulant fluid , and a murine macrophage cell line model indicate that beryllium may become bioavailable following exposure.…”

Section: Dermal Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Beryllium exposure: dermal and immunological considerations

Day

Stefaniak

Weston

et al. 2005

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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In vitro dissolution characteristics of beryllium oxide and beryllium metal aerosols

Cited by 47 publications

References 17 publications

Technology Development, Evaluation, and Application (TDEA) FY 2001 Progress Report Environment, Safety, and Health (ESH) Division

Technology Development, Evaluation, and Application (TDEA) FY 2001 Progress Report Environment, Safety, and Health (ESH) Division

Urinary levels, tissue concentrations and lung inflammation after nose‐only exposure to three different chemical forms of beryllium

Beryllium exposure: dermal and immunological considerations

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