In vitro cytotoxicity of porous silicon microparticles: Effect of the particle concentration, surface chemistry and size

Santos, Hélder A.; Riikonen, Joakim; Salonen, Jarno; Mäkilä, Ermei; Heikkilä, Teemu; Laaksonen, Timo; Peltonen, Leena; Lehto, Vesa‐Pekka; Hirvonen, Jouni

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2009.12.043

Cited by 163 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Another group of Si materials is based on bigger particles (100 nm-1000 nm) which are porous (mostly the so called mesoporous silicon which contains pores with diameters between 2-50 nm) or crystalline -prepared by ball milling [4] (the particle size varies from 100 nm up to 50 µm and exhibit usually no photoluminescence). Main advantage over other materials is that particles of mesoporous silicon have a big surface in respect to a small volume, which predetermine them as good drug delivery system or for enhancing sensitivity of analytical methods, such as DNA sensing [5], because they increase the amount of material in the sample area.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nanocrystalline silicon in biological studies

Fučíková

Valenta

Pelant

et al. 2011

Phys. Status Solidi (c)

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Porous silicon and similar materials, like micro‐ and nanocrystalline silicon, are nowadays studied not only in physical research (e.g. optical gain studies, electro‐optical devices, solar energy conversion), but they are very promising also in biological research as fluorescent labels, biological sensors, drug delivery systems or scaffold for various tissues. We are giving an overview of various approaches of preparation of micro‐ and nanocrystalline silicon and current studies of applications with main focus on biology and medicine. In contrast to other nanomaterials used in biological studies (e.g. carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, cadmium containing quantum dots) silicon based nanomaterials show very good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. Therefore, these materials have potential to become powerful tools for in vivo investigation of life processes on subcellular and molecular level. Our group concentrates on developing of gentle florescent label based on porous silicon for single molecule detection in the cell. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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confidence: 99%

Nanocrystalline silicon in biological studies

Fučíková

Valenta

Pelant

et al. 2011

Phys. Status Solidi (c)

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“…The interaction of hydrophilic NPs with the cells' membranes is weak, mediated by water molecules, which make the particle−cell interactions less likely to occur, [ 20,21 ] thus increasing the cytocompatibility of the NPs.…”

Section: In Vitro Cytotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

On‐Chip Self‐Assembly of a Smart Hybrid Nanocomposite for Antitumoral Applications

Herranz-Blanco

Liu

Mäkilä

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

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A hybrid nanocomposite comprised by porous silicon nanoparticles and a stimuli responsive polymeric material, polyethylene glycol‐block‐poly(L‐histidine), is spontaneously formed by nanoprecipitation in a flow‐focusing microfluidic chip. The nanocomposite presents a novel hybrid compound micelle structure with a great robustness for therapeutic applications. Therefore, the nanocomposite is developed and tested as a “smart” multistage drug delivery system (MDDS) in response to some of the current problems that cancer treatment presents. Based on the stimuli‐responsive behavior of the nanocomposite, a chemotherapeutic agent is successfully loaded into the nanosystem and released upon changes in the pH‐values. The nanocomposite demonstrates enhanced stability in plasma, narrow size distribution, improved surface smoothness, and high cytocompatibility. Furthermore, the nanocomposite presents reduced nanoparticle internalization by phagocytic macrophage cells and pH‐dependent cell growth inhibition capacity. Overall, the developed hybrid nanocomposite shows very promising features for its further development as a “smart” pH‐responsive MDDS.

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“…The detailed preparation of the particles used has been described elsewhere [25,30,36,41]. Briefly, silicon wafers Sih10 0i of p + -type, with resistivity values of 0.008-0.020 X cm, were used in the preparation of the thermally carbonized-PSi (TCPSi) microparticles.…”

Section: Production Of the Tcpsi Microparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cell viability was expressed as the percentage of luminescence measured for the negative control (only buffer). Triton X-100 (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was used as a positive control for cytotoxic activity [36].…”

Section: Viability Tests Cell Lines and Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PSi has also emerged as a versatile material for drug delivery and targeting [29][30][31], as a drug carrier able to overcome problems associated with oral drugs like toxicity, poor solubility, or sub-optimal pharmacokinetics [30,32]. Furthermore, the PSi surfaces can be easily modified for imaging purposes [33][34][35], which are biocompatible with multiple cell lines [33][34][35][36][37], and have been shown to efficiently improve delivery of peptides and small interfering RNAs [38][39][40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New times, new trends for ethionamide: In vitro evaluation of drug-loaded thermally carbonized porous silicon microparticles

Vale

Mäkilä

Salonen

et al. 2012

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

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a b s t r a c tMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has become a worldwide problem and a major public health concern. The mechanisms of resistance are fairly well characterized for most agents, but MDR limits the therapeutic usefulness of both new and classical medicines against TB. Ethionamide (ETA) is a thioamide antibiotic and one of the most widely used drugs as second line agent for the treatment of MDR-TB. Over the years, some studies have emerged to improve the bioavailability of this drug and of its active metabolites. However, inactive metabolites of ETA are still a major drawback in its application against TB. Porous silicon (PSi) materials can be applied to improve the dissolution behavior of poorly watersoluble compounds and to overcome toxicity and other drug-related problems in oral delivery. In the present work, we have loaded ETA into thermally carbonized-PSi (TCPSi) microparticles and studied the solubility, toxicity, permeability, and metabolic profiles of the PSi-loaded drug. The solubility and permeability of ETA was clearly enhanced after loaded into TCPSi particles at different pH-values. ETA was in general toxic at concentrations above 0.50 mM to HepG2, Caco-2, and RAW macrophage cells, but the toxicity was drastically reduced when the drug was loaded into the microparticles. ETA showed a fast metabolization process in the presence of the TCPSi particles.In addition, new thiolated metabolites were identified from incubation of ETA-loaded PSi with HepG2 liver cells, which opens new perspectives toward both the understanding of ETA metabolism and the development of novel ETA-based systems with improved efficacy against MDR-TB.

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In vitro cytotoxicity of porous silicon microparticles: Effect of the particle concentration, surface chemistry and size

Cited by 163 publications

References 39 publications

Nanocrystalline silicon in biological studies

Nanocrystalline silicon in biological studies

On‐Chip Self‐Assembly of a Smart Hybrid Nanocomposite for Antitumoral Applications

New times, new trends for ethionamide: In vitro evaluation of drug-loaded thermally carbonized porous silicon microparticles

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