In vitro Cytotoxicity of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn Extracts on A549 Lung Cancer Cell Line

Abstract

Background: Lung cancer is the one of the leading causes of cancer death. However, current treatments for lung cancer are expensive and show negative side effects. Therefore, the study concerning natural anticancer from plants has intensified. Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn are Indonesian herb plants which have been consumed as a drink, are known to have anticancer activity against several cancer cell lines. However, its potential cytotoxic activity on A549 lung cancer cell line is still unclear. Objective: This study aimed to identify cytotoxic activity of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn extracts on A549 lung cancer cell line. Materials and Method: Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn flowers from Tangerang, province of Banten, Indonesia, were macerated in three different solvents: ethyl acetate, ethanol, and n-hexane. Afterwards, cytotoxic activity of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn extracts on A549 lung cancer cell line were evaluated using MTT assay. There were eight variety of concentration of the extracts, the experiment has been done triplicate for each concentration. The anticancer activity is expressed by IC 50 value. Results: Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn extracts in ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane showed IC 50 value of 374.01 μg/mL, 719.28 μg/mL, and 906.57 μg/mL respectively, in which indicated weak cytotoxic activity on A549 lung cancer cell line. Conclusion: Ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn are potential to be further developed as natural anticancer agents. ABSTRACT SUMMARY Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn originated from Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia, showed cytotoxic activity on A549lung cancer cell line with IC 50 of 374.01 µg/mL, 719.28 µg/mL, and 906.57 µg/ mL.

Phyto-chemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.-A Review

“…The anticancer potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa leaves extracts (methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform) on hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Hep 3B was tested and methanolic extract showed a greater cytotoxic effect when compared with others [70]. Ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn are found to be potential natural anticancer agents against A 549 lung cancer cell line [71]. In another study the effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa aqueous extract had been evaluated against cyclophosmsmide (CPA) on male Wistar rats treated with monosodium glutamate.…”

An In Vitro Evaluation and Network Pharmacology Analysis of Prospective Anti-Prostate Cancer Activity from Perilla frutescens

“…Nevertheless, the phenolic and flavonoid-rich crude ethanol extracts of PF-L exhibited the lowest required concentration to become 50% cytotoxic to DU-145 cells. It indicates that PF-L has deficient activity relative to potent anticancer plant extracts [ 45 , 46 , 47 ]. This activity could signify that metabolites at low concentrations are more bioactive or that major metabolites require high concentrations.…”

Novel Insight into the Cellular and Molecular Signalling Pathways on Cancer Preventing Effects ofHibiscus sabdariffa: A Review

“…It has been reported that damaged cellular machinery of autophagy is linked with genomic instability, tumorigenesis, and malignant transformation In addition, animal models lacking Beclin 1 developed spontaneous tumors more than their control counterparts. Autophagy-related gene 5 and 7 (ATG5 and ATG7) plays a crucial role in tumor suppression, as their reduced expression caused mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress (OS) culminating in hepatic tumor development in mice [ 81 ]. Dysregulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway and impairment of its key protein associate like phosphatase and tensin homolog reduces autophagy in malignant cells and backs tumorigenesis conversely; the AKT/mTOR signaling is known to suppress autophagy.…”