In vitro cytotoxic evaluation of novel dichlorodiorgano[N-(2-pyridylmethylene)arylamine]tin(IV) derivatives in human tumor cell lines

Abstract

The present report overviews the studies on diorganotin(IV) complexes of N-(2-pyridylmethylene)arylamine, R(2)SnCl(2).L (R = Me (1), Et (2), Bu (3) or Ph (4)) as cytotoxic agents. This family of complexes was designed to include highly electron-donating N;Nchelating ligand to afford octahedral R(2)SnCl(2).L complexes of relatively high hydrolytic stability, with the aim to retain ligand binding throughout the biological activity for achieving controlled processes and allowing mechanistic evaluation. It is observed that the high cytotoxic activity is dependent on the Sn-R groups and Sn-N bond lengths, and which is related to the cytotoxic potential. Complex (2) was found to exhibit stronger cytotoxic activity in vitro particularly for A498 (renal cancer), IGROV (ovarian cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer), and WIDR (colon cancer) of human tumour cell lines and the results are far superior to standard reference drugs e.g., doxorubicin, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, etoposide including paclitaxel. The important insights gained with the diorganotin(IV) compounds in regards to their cytotoxic activity are discussed.

An in vitro comparative assessment with a series of new triphenyltin(IV) 2-/4-[(E)-2-(aryl)-1-diazenyl]benzoates endowed with anticancer activities: Structural modifications, analysis of efficacy and cytotoxicity involving human tumor cell lines

“…They exhibit hydrogen bonding interactions with the active site of amino acids of the aforementioned enzymes. The higher activity was attributed to the presence of the azo group nitrogen atoms in the molecules of triphenyltin (IV) complexes [27]. As a continuation of our previous work in this area, we report some new triphenyltin(IV) complexes, Ph 3 SnL 1 − 4 H (1-4), of related systems where the ligand skeletal framework has been modified (Scheme 1) in an attempt to improve the dissolution properties and thereby influence cytotoxicity.…”

“…The in vitro cytotoxicity testing of triphenyltin(IV) complexes 1-5 was performed using the SRB test for estimation of cell viability. Experimental protocols for 6 and 7 have been reported [27] and the cytotoxic results are included here for convenience of discussion. The cell lines WIDR colon carcinoma, M19 MEL melanoma, A498 renal cell carcinoma, IGROV ovarian carcinoma and H226 non-small-cell lung cancer belong to the currently used anticancer screening panel of the NCI, USA [34].…”

“…In view of the remarkable activity of the triphenyltin(IV) carboxylates, triphenyltin(IV) carboxylates containing the 2-[(E)-2-(3-formyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-diazenyl]benzoate and 2-[(E)-2-(4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-1-diazenyl]benzoate skeletons have recently been investigated, showing encouraging cytotoxic activity across a panel of cell lines [27]. As a result of these promising cytotoxic activities, the mechanistic role of the compounds was investigated to determine the influence of the azo group nitrogen.…”

“…The carboxylate ligands selected herein have variations in the position of the carboxylate functionality in the diazo part and also have variations of the nuclear substituents in the coupling moieties of the molecule. The newly synthesized complexes (1)(2)(3)(4) were characterized by spectroscopic ( [29] were tested across a panel of human tumor cell lines consisting of A498 (renal cancer), EVSA-T (mammary cancer), H226 (non-small-cell lung cancer), IGROV (ovarian cancer), M19 MEL (melanoma), MCF-7 (mammary cancer) and WIDR (colon cancer) and the results were compared with analogous Ph 3 SnL 6 H (6), Ph 3 SnL 7 H (7) [27] and related tributyltin(IV) complexes (8-11) (see Scheme 1 for complex description).…”

Anticancer activities of the ruthenium carboxylato, amido and pyridine complexes

“…Over the years, much attention has been focused on developing cisplatin analogues. Currently, cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaplatin are widely used anticancer drugs, and are especially effective against testicular and ovarian carcinomas, bladder tumors and tumors of the head and neck (9). It is generally believed that the ultimate target of this type of drug is DNA (10).…”