In vitro culture as a powerful method for conserving Iranian ornamental geophytes

Abstract

Never before in history has the issue of preserving biodiversity been of such significance than today, to the extent that it has become an important global issue. Nowadays, humans have a massive impact on biodiversity whether in rural, urban, or wilderness settings. Besides, biodiversity today is also being significantly constrained by climate change and the introduction of new varieties of plants. Plant tissue culture is a method that can be useful for collecting, storing, and multiplicating of plant germplasms. Nowadays, many valuable germplasms are in danger of extinction, especially in Iran. Thus, there is a necessity to preserve valuable Iranian ornamental geophytes such as Oxalis articulata, Eminium jaegeri, Muscari kurdicum, Leopoldia tijtijensis, Gagea calcicola, Tulipa faribae, Gagea alexii, and Allium. In this study, plant tissue culture as well as in vitro conservation techniques as means for medium-and long-term conservation of Iranian ornamental geophytes is reviewed. There are only few studies on plant tissue culture of Iranian ornamental geophytes despite their great importance in Iran. To our knowledge, there is no report on cryopreservation of the abovementioned plants. In conclusion, the methods presented in this review can be utilized for conserving these valuable germplasms for future generations.

Modeling Agrobacterium-Mediated Gene Transformation of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)—A Model Plant for Gene Transformation Studies

“…Artificial neural networks, especially MLP, have superiority over the classical statistical methods for analyzing and interpreting unpredictable data sets (Salehi et al, 2020). As a data-driven model, ANN can be used for predicting and optimizing non-linear plant in vitro studies (Hesami et al, 2017). Through the full use of all spectral data and by avoiding multicollinearity, ANNs are able to manage non-normal, non-linear, and nondeterministic data sets obtained from multi-factorial plant in vitro studies.…”

Development of support vector machine-based model and comparative analysis with artificial neural network for modeling the plant tissue culture procedures: effect of plant growth regulators on somatic embryogenesis of chrysanthemum, as a case study

“…Sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify the importance degree of KIN, SNP, and 2,4-D on the embryogenesis rate, callogenesis rate, and the number of the somatic embryo per explant. The sensitivity of these parameters was measured by the criteria including variable sensitivity error (VSE) value displaying the performance (root mean (11) square error (RMSE)) of SVR-NSGA-II model when that input variable is removed from the model. Variable sensitivity ratio (VSR) value was determined as the ratio of VSE and SVR-NSGA-II model error (RMSE value) when all input variables are available.…”

“…Thus, efficient somatic embryogenesis protocol can play a conspicuous role in successful chrysanthemum genetic manipulation and regeneration. Using the appropriate type and concentration of plant growth regulators (PGRs) in various combinations could improve the somatic embryogenesis of different plant species and explants [10][11][12]. Indeed, in vitro embryogenesis is controlled by the balances of exogenous PGRs and concentrations of endogenous phytohormones.…”

Effects of thidiazuron on in vitro shoot regeneration of Morus alba

“…Presently, tissue culture is considered by the growers of ornamental and medicinal plants as a technique for rapid and homogeneous production of high-quality plants and for the production of pathogen-free plants at the commercial level Hesami et al, 2018c;Hesami and Daneshvar, 2018b). Production of lateral shoots is one of the important parameters in tissue culture because lateral shoots can be separated in the subculture stage and each one can be cultured as a separate sample, thereby increasing the proliferation speed (Jaiswal and Narayan, 1985).…”