In Vitro Cholesterol Esterase Inhibitory Activity of Some Purified Phenolic Acids From Agaricus bisporus: An Investigation of Cardioprotective Properties

Abstract

Background: Mushrooms with significant traditional medicine properties are rich sources of vitamins, proteins, fibres, minerals, and polyphenolic compounds. Objectives: Agaricus bisporus (edible white button mushroom) extracts and their purified polyphenolic content were examined in terms of cholesterol esterase (CEase) inhibitory activity. Methods: Organic solvent-based extraction methodologies were adopted to prepared the extracts. Two dimensional preparative thin layer chromatography (2D PTLC) technique and direct MS/ESI + method were also used to purify and elucidate the polyphenolic structures. Standard spectrophotometric analyses were employed to determine the flavonoid and phenolic acid contents as well as CEase inhibitory activity in both extract and purified polyphenols. Results:The findings supported the strong cholesterol esterase inhibitory activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts (separating funnel: 97.9 ± 1.1% and 97 ± 0.8%), and acetone extract (shake flask: 97.6 ± 0.2%). The investigation also documented the remarkable quantity of flavonoid (32.61 ± 4.1 mg/g tissue) and phenolic acid (12.38 ± 1.32 mg/g tissue). A fraction of strong blue colour phenolic acid was purified using 2D PTLC technique, and the direct MS/ESI + method adopted for the purified eluate also revealed the presence of p-hydroxy benzoic acid (m/z 136), ferulic acid (m/z 194), cinnamic acid (m/z 146), and protocatechuic acid (m/z 154). The purified phenolic acids represent a moderate cholesterol esterase inhibitory activity (24.7 ± 1.7%; IC50 = 2.61 µg). Conclusions:The study revealed the remarkable CEase inhibitory property, implying the cardioprotective attribute of A. bisporus.

In Vitro Antilipidic and Antithrombotic Activities of Plectranthus glandulosus (Lamiaceae) Leaves Extracts and Fractions

“…The hydroxyl groups present in phenolic compounds are reported to form hydrophobic interactions with amino acid residues of pancreatic lipase [ 20 ]. The interaction of phenolic compounds with cholesterol esterase is due to the presence of potent cholesterol esterase inhibitory sites, especially the interaction with the catalytic triad and oxyanion hole residues [ 49 ]. Our previous study also reported that hydroethanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction have antioxidant properties [ 28 , 29 ], and it is shown that a positive correlation exists between phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity of plant extracts, and digestive enzyme inhibitory activity [ 50 , 51 ].…”

In Vitro Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Digestive Enzymes Inhibition Activities of Hydro-Ethanolic Leaf and Bark Extracts of Psychotria densinervia (K. Krause) Verdc

“…e hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of P. densinervia showed a significantly higher inhibition than the reference orlistat and bark extract P. densinervia. e mechanism of cholesterol esterase inhibition may be due to the interaction of phenolic compounds contained in extracts with the potent cholesterol esterase inhibitory sites, especially the interaction with the catalytic triad and oxyanion hole residues [50].…”