In-vitro assessment of first-line antifungal drugs against Aspergillus spp. caused human keratomycoses

Hassan, Ahmed; Sangeetha, Annanthode Balakrishnan; Shobana, Coimbatore Subramanian; Mythili, A.; Suresh, Sreeram; Abirami, Baskaran; Alharbi, Raed; Aloyuni, Saleh Abdullah; Abdel-Hadi, Ahmed; Awad, Mohamed F.; Ismail, Randa Mohamed; Selvam, Kanesan Panneer; Palanisamy, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.10.014

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…[ 32 ] MIC detection by in-vitro antifungal susceptibility testing by agar dilution method is a reliable, cost-effective, and easy test to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of amphotericin B, fluconazole, and ketoconazole on ocular fungal isolates. [ 21 22 25 27 38 ] Infections due to Aspergillus spp. are usually associated with the worst outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antifungal susceptibility and clinical characteristics in fungal keratitis in a tertiary care center in North India

Vanathi

Naik

Sidhu

et al. 2022

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose: To study the antifungal susceptibility of common corneal pathogenic fungi to antifungal agents in the North Indian population. Methods: Prospective study of the antifungal sensitivity testing (natamycin, amphotericin B, voriconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, posaconazole, caspofungin, micafungin) of fungal isolates from 50 cases of culture positive fungal keratitis by using E test method. Details noted included demographic data, visual acuity, clinical details, grade of keratitis, healing time, and success in medical management. Results: Of 50 patients with fungal keratitis (mean age: 40.28 ± 16.77 years), 12 eyes healed within 3 weeks, 14 had a delayed healing response, and 24 had chronic keratitis. Among the 15 cases of Fusarium isolates, 93.3% were sensitive to natamycin, while 40% to amphotericin B; 66.6% to voriconazole, 13.4% to itraconazole and fluconazole each. 80% of Fusarium cases (n = 12) showed susceptibility to posaconazole. Among Aspergillus flavus isolates, 53.4% (n = 8) were sensitive to natamycin, with only 40% (n = 7) showing sensitivity to amphotericin B and good susceptibility to azoles. MIC against susceptible Fusarium spp. for natamycin was 3–16 µg/mL, amphotericin B: 1–8 µg/mL, voriconazole: 0.5–1.5 µg/mL, itraconazole: 0.5–12 µg/mL, posaconazole: 0.094–1.5 µg/mL. MIC against Aspergillus flavus was natamycin: 8–32 µg/mL, amphotericin B: 0.5–16 µg/mL, voriconazole: 0.025–4 µg/mL, itraconazole: 0.125–8 µg/mL, posaconazole: 0.047–0.25 µg/mL; against Aspergillus niger isolates, to natamycin was 6 µg/mL (n=1), amphotericin B 8–12 µg/mL ( n = 3), voriconazole: 0.125–0.19 µg/mL ( n = 3), itraconazole: 0.38–0.75 µg/mL, posaconazole: 0.064–0.19 µg/mL and against Aspergillus fumigatus ( n = 1), was natamycin4 µg/mL, amphotericin B - 8 µg/mL, voriconazole 0.25 µg/mL, itraconazole 1 µg/mL, and posaconazole 0.19 µg/mL. MIC against susceptible Acremonium spp. for natamycin was 1.5–16 µg/mL, amphotericin B: 0.5–8 µg/mL, voriconazole: 0.19–3 µg/mL, itraconazole: 0.125 µg/mL, posaconazole: 0.125–0.5 µg/mL and against susceptible Curvularia was natamycin 0.75–4 µg/mL, amphotericin B 0.5–1 µg/mL, voriconazole 0.125–0.19 µg/mL, itraconazole 0.047–0.094 µg/mL, posaconazole 0.047–0.094 µg/mL. MIC against Mucor spp.+ Rhizopus spp. ( n = 1) was natamycin: 8 µg/mL, amphotericin B: 0.75 µg/mL, posaconazole: 1.5 µg/mL. MIC against of Alternaria ( n = 1) was voriconazole: 0.19 µg/mL, posaconazole: 0.094 µg/mL. MIC against Penicillium (n=1) was natamycin: 8 µg/mL, voriconazole: 0.25 µg/mL, itraconazole: 0.5 µg/mL, and Posaconazole: 0.125 µg/mL. Conclusion: Our observations highlight the variations in susceptibility to antifungal agents. Posaconazole seems to be effective with low MIC against common corneal pathogenic fungal isolates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antifungal susceptibility and clinical characteristics in fungal keratitis in a tertiary care center in North India

Vanathi

Naik

Sidhu

et al. 2022

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…The focal point of the present study is the design of a novel polymeric matrix employing chemically modified xanthan and polyurethane to act as a scaffold for the release, under favorable conditions, of ketoconazole and piroxicam, widely known as antifungal [ 48 , 49 , 50 ] and anti-inflammatory drugs [ 51 , 52 , 53 ], respectively. The blend of xanthan’s swelling capacity, polyurethane’s innate mechanical resilience, and the bioactive characteristics of piroxicam and ketoconazole lay a foundation for potential applications, chiefly in the dermato-cosmetic sector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthan–Polyurethane Conjugates: An Efficient Approach for Drug Delivery

Anghel,

Spiridon,

Dinu

et al. 2024

Polymers

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The antifungal agent, ketoconazole, and the anti-inflammatory drug, piroxicam, were incorporated into matrices of xanthan or oleic acid-esterified xanthan (Xn) and polyurethane (PU), to develop topical drug delivery systems. Compared to matrices without bioactive compounds, which only showed a nominal compressive stress of 32.18 kPa (sample xanthan–polyurethane) at a strain of 71.26%, the compressive resilience of the biomaterials increased to nearly 50.04 kPa (sample xanthan–polyurethane–ketoconazole) at a strain of 71.34%. The compressive strength decreased to around 30.67 kPa upon encapsulating a second drug within the xanthan–polyurethane framework (sample xanthan–polyurethane–piroxicam/ketoconazole), while the peak sustainable strain increased to 87.21%. The Weibull model provided the most suitable fit for the drug release kinetics. Unlike the materials based on xanthan–polyurethane, those made with oleic acid-esterified xanthan–polyurethane released the active ingredients more slowly (the release rate constant showed lower values). All the materials demonstrated antimicrobial effectiveness. Furthermore, a higher volume of piroxicam was released from oleic acid-esterified xanthan–polyurethane–piroxicam (64%) as compared to xanthan–polyurethane–piroxicam (44%). Considering these results, materials that include polyurethane and either modified or unmodified xanthan showed promise as topical drug delivery systems for releasing piroxicam and ketoconazole.

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“…The present study is focused on the design of a new polymeric matrix based on chemically modi ed xanthan and polyurethane to serve as support for the release, under optimal conditions, of ketoconazole and piroxicam, commonly used as antifungal [44][45][46] and anti-in ammatory drugs [47][48][49]. The swelling capacity of xanthan, the inherent mechanical resistance of polyurethane, and the bioactive qualities of piroxicam and ketoconazole together can create a novel base for possible applications, particularly in the eld of dermato-cosmetics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a new polymeric matrix based on xanthan and polyurethane as support for the release of antifungal and anti-inflammatory drugs

Anghel

Dimofte

Spiridon

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The antifungal agent ketoconazole (K) and anti-inflammatory drug piroxicam (P) were incorporated into xanthan (Xn) or esterified xanthan with oleic acid (XnOA) and polyurethane (PU) matrix, targeting the development of delivery devices for the bioactive principles with possible applications as topical drug carriers. The drug encapsulation had an impact on the mechanical strength of the Xn-PU and XnOA-PU matrices. In contrast to those without bioactive compounds, which only demonstrated a compressive nominal stress of 32.18 kPa (sample Xn-PU) at 71.26% strain, the compressive strength of the biomaterials increased to roughly 50.04 kPa (sample Xn-PU-K) at 71.34% strain. The value of the compressive strength dropped to around 30.67 kPa when a second drug was entrapped inside the Xn-PU matrix (sample Xn-PU-P/K), while the maximum sustained strain increased to 87.21%. The Weibull model provided the best fit for the drug release kinetics. In contrast to the materials containing Xn-PU, those based on XnOA-PU released the active principles more slowly (the release rate constant displays low values). All materials display antimicrobial activity. Additionally, a higher amount of piroxicam is released from XnOA-PU-P (64%) than from Xn-PU-P (44%), which reveals a more pronounced anti-inflammatory activity of the former system (82.8% inhibition), compared to the latter (71% inhibition). According to the results, materials based on polyurethane and modified or unmodified xanthan could be used as topical drug carriers to release piroxicam and ketoconazole.

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In-vitro assessment of first-line antifungal drugs against Aspergillus spp. caused human keratomycoses

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Evaluation of antifungal susceptibility and clinical characteristics in fungal keratitis in a tertiary care center in North India

Evaluation of antifungal susceptibility and clinical characteristics in fungal keratitis in a tertiary care center in North India

Xanthan–Polyurethane Conjugates: An Efficient Approach for Drug Delivery

Design of a new polymeric matrix based on xanthan and polyurethane as support for the release of antifungal and anti-inflammatory drugs

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