In-vitro antioxidant and selective cytotoxicity of Garcinia cambogia and Garcinia indica leaf extracts on human kidney cancer cell line

Abstract

Kidney cancer is one among the top 10 cancers. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is commonly known kidney cancer. Almost all clinically targeted drugs used in treating RCC have many aftereffects. To overcome this problem with herbal products, the present study is aimed to investigate the preliminary phytochemicals, antioxidants and selective cytotoxicity of aqueous leaves extract of Garcinia cambogia (GC)and Garcinia indica (GI)on(HEK-293) human embryonic kidney cells and (A498)human renal carcinoma cells. The phytochemical analyses were done using standard protocols. In-vitro antioxidant activity was carried out using DPPH, FRAP, and Phosphomolybdenum assay. Anticancer activity on A498 kidney cancer cell line was evaluated by MTT assay and the selectivity index was calculated. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of GC and GI leaf extract divulged the presence of various phyto-constituents. GI extract revealed higher phenolic content while flavonoid content was more in GC extract compared to alkaloids and saponins. Both plant extracts exhibited higher antioxidant capacities based on the test performed.GC and GIleaf extract wasselectively cytotoxic in-vitro to (A498) human renal carcinoma cells and can be safely used against kidney cancer at 500 µM (GC extract)and 300 µM (GI extract). Selective index for GC and GI extract was15.9 and 2.4respectively. The results indicate that GC and GI extracts are a favourable antioxidant and anti-cancer agents for A498 human renal carcinoma cells. However, further studies to isolate the bioactive compounds responsible for these activities are underway and to explore their molecular mechanism.

Phytochemical profiling and cytotoxic potential of Arnebia nobilis root extracts against hepatocellular carcinoma using in-vitro and in-silico approaches

“…The main objective of cancer therapeutics is to target specifically malignant cells without destroying normal cells, that is the main limitation of chemotherapeutic drugs. In the present study, both plant extracts showed cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells without damaging the normal cells, while cisplatin (a platinum-based anticancer drug) induces an antitumor effect through apoptotic stimulation in cancer as well as in normal (non-cancerous) cells, these outcomes are inconsistent with the previous study 79 . So, this plant can potentially treat liver cancer without disturbing normal cells.…”

Exploring the properties of Garcinia indica Linn rind powder and its possible usage in food industry

“…The TFC was determined to be 50.33 mg QUE/g, akin to the value of 52.56 mg QUE/g observed in the methanol extract of G. indica (Kunjiappan et al ., 2020). The IC 50 value for DPPH radical scavenging activity of the dehydrated G. indica rind was measured at 485.1 μg/mL which was lower than the values reported for G. cambogia were value was 493.7 μg/mL (Jayakar et al ., 2021). The TPC content was lower due to the change in polarity and similarly, the TFC content was higher due to polarity, chelating process and scavenging (Kumar et al ., 2023).…”

The factors affecting optimisation of phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Indian medicinal plant species and their biological applications: A review

“…Plant extracts are the best sources to evaluate the anticancer activity with least or no side effects for safe diagnosis (50). The anticarcinogenic activity of B. tomentosa synthesized AgNPs was established by the MTT assay on lung A549 carcinoma cell line.…”