In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Valeriana officinalis Against Different Neurotoxic Agents

Sudati, Jéssie Haigert; Fachinetto, Roselei; Pereira, Romaiana Picada; Boligon, Aline Augusti; Athayde, Margareth Linde; Soares, Félix Alexandre Antunes; Barbosa, Nilda Vargas; Rocha, João Batista Teixeira da

doi:10.1007/s11064-009-9917-8

Cited by 61 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Yoo et al (2015) showed that the inhibitory effect of the valerian extract on microglia may protect hippocampal neurons from ischemic damage. The results from these authors support the previous observation that the valerian extract ameliorates the reduction of total thiol content in homogenates and also decreases H 2 O 2 production in the mitochondria of flies exposed to rotenone (Sudati et al, 2009). Thus, the administration of valerian extract significantly increases neuronal survival after ischemia/reperfusion by decreasing reactive microglia and the levels of lipid peroxidation (Yoo et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Valeriana officinalis and melatonin: Evaluation of the effects in Drosophila melanogaster rapid iterative negative geotaxis (RING) test

Cheuczuk¹,

Freitas²,

Vaz³

et al. 2017

J. Med. Plants Res.

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The rapid iterative negative geotaxis (RING) assay is a commonly used behavioral test in Drosophila based on digital imaging of flies and requires minimal equipment and space. Larval mobility can be used to reliably determine the effect of drugs on locomotion in Drosophila larvae. The effects of Valeriana officinalis extract (VoE) and melatonin (ME) were tested in Drosophila melanogaster flies and larvae. In the RING assay, the locomotor activity of flies was reduced to 30.6, 72 and 70.4% when exposed to 10 mg/ml VoE, 8 mM ME, and a combination of 8 mM ME + 10 mg/ml VoE, respectively. The performance index (PI) was reduced to 68.9% (P = 0.0058), 33.3% (P = 0.0001), and 70% (P = 0.0013) when flies were exposed to 8 mM ME, 10 mg/ml VoE, and a combination of 8 mM ME + 10 mg/ml VoE, respectively. The number of body wall contractions of Drosophila larvae (nBWC) was reduced to 47.8, 37.7 and 38.5% when larvae were exposed to 8 mM ME, 10 mg/ml VoE, and a combination of 8 mM ME + 10 mg/ml VoE, respectively. The displacement velocity (V 0 ) of larvae decreased significantly to 67.6, 60.1 and 55.6% when larvae were exposed to 8 mM ME, 10 mg/ml VoE, and a combination of 10 mg/ml VoE + 8 mM ME, respectively (P < 0.05). The effects of the VoE extract were not synergistic with ME as demonstrated by the RING assay, nBWC, and V 0 . Based on these results, valerian root extracts have demonstrated sedative effects that are better than those of melatonin in fruit flies, but did not show any increase in sedative effect when combined with melatonin.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Valeriana officinalis and melatonin: Evaluation of the effects in Drosophila melanogaster rapid iterative negative geotaxis (RING) test

Cheuczuk¹,

Freitas²,

Vaz³

et al. 2017

J. Med. Plants Res.

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“…This was assayed by a standard method [17]. Deoxyribose is degraded by hydroxyl radicals with the release of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactive materials.…”

Section: Hydroxyl Radical Scavengingmentioning

confidence: 99%

African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa, Jacq Benth) leaf extract affects mitochondrial redox chemistry and inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme in vitro

et al. 2017

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Background: Parkia biglobosa leaf has popular ethnomedicinal use in tropical Africa. However, little is known about its molecular biological effects. This study sought to investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity, angiotensin-Iconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and effects of aqueous-methanolic extract of P. biglobosa leaf (PBE) on mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Methods: Antioxidant activity was determined by extract's DPPH .(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical), ABTS .+ [2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt radical cation] scavenging ability, reducing property and propensity to inhibit lipid peroxidation induced by prooxidants (FeSO 4 /sodium nitroprusside, SNP) in isolated rat tissue preparations. Determination of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition was based on the hydrolysis of N-hippuryl-His-Leu hydrate (HHL) by the enzyme. Subsequently, the effects of PBE on toxicant-induced mitochondrial ROS formation and basal membrane potential (ΔΨm) were determined by 2′, 7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescin (DCFH) oxidation and safranine fluorescence respectively. Results: PBE significantly reduced ferric ions (P < 0.001), scavenged DPPH (EC 50 = 98.33 ± 1.0 μg/mL) and ABTS (EC 50 = 45.30 ± 0.1) radicals, with moderate Fe 2+ -chelating effect (40%). In rat liver and brain homogenates respectively, PBE prevented membrane peroxidation induced by FeSO 4 (EC 50 : 75.87 ± 2.1 μg/mL and 89.34 ± 2.5 μg/mL) and SNP (EC 50 : 28.10 ± 1.6 μg/mL and 17.25 ± 0.78 μg/mL). The extract's inhibition of ACE (IC 50 = 51.30 ± 5.1 μg/mL) and mild depolarization of isolated liver mitochondria membrane potential were concentration-dependent. Finally, PBE was more effective than catechin in attenuating calcium and SNP-induced surge in mitochondrial ROS generation. Conclusion: Parkia biglobosa leaf exhibits considerable ACE inhibitory effect, antioxidant activity and affects mitochondrial redox chemistry. These present findings also justify the ethnobotanical applications of the plant in the indigenous system of medicine.

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“…2 million adults) had used valerian in the past week [5]. Other studies indicate that VE has antioxidant and neuroprotective effects [6,7,8,9]. Furthermore, VE modulates brain neurotransmitters [10,11,12,13,14], and shows antianxiety, antidepressant, and antiepileptic activity in animal models [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b><i>Valeriana officinalis</i></b> Root Extract Modulates Cortical Excitatory Circuits in Humans

et al. 2017

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Background:Valeriana officinalis extract (VE) is a popular herbal medicine used for the treatment of anxiety and sleep disorders. Although the anxiolytic and sedative effects are mainly attributed to the modulation of GABA-ergic transmission, the mechanism of action has not been fully investigated in humans. Noninvasive brain stimulation protocols can be used to elucidate the mechanisms of action of psychoactive substances at the cortical level in humans. In this study, we investigated the effects of a single dose of VE on cortical excitability as assessed with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Methods: Fifteen healthy volunteers participated in a double-blind, randomized, cross-over, placebo-controlled study. Subjects were required to take either 900 mg of VE (valerenic acid 0.8%) or placebo (an equal dose of vitamin E). Motor cortex excitability was studied by single and paired TMS before and at 1 h and 6 h after the oral administration. Cortical excitability was assessed using different TMS parameters: resting motor threshold, motor-evoked potential amplitude, cortical silent period, short-interval intracortical inhibition, and intracortical facilitation. Furthermore, we assessed sensorimotor integration by short-latency and long-latency afferent inhibition. Results: We found a significant reduction in ICF, without any significant changes in other TMS measures of motor cortex excitability. The amount of ICF returned to baseline value 6 h after the intake of the VE. Conclusion: A single oral dose of VE modulates intracortical facilitatory circuits. Our results in healthy subjects could be predictive markers of treatment response in patients and further support the use of pharmaco-TMS to investigate the neuropsychiatric effects of herbal therapies in humans.

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In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Valeriana officinalis Against Different Neurotoxic Agents

Cited by 61 publications

References 39 publications

Valeriana officinalis and melatonin: Evaluation of the effects in Drosophila melanogaster rapid iterative negative geotaxis (RING) test

Valeriana officinalis and melatonin: Evaluation of the effects in Drosophila melanogaster rapid iterative negative geotaxis (RING) test

African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa, Jacq Benth) leaf extract affects mitochondrial redox chemistry and inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme in vitro

<b><i>Valeriana officinalis</i></b> Root Extract Modulates Cortical Excitatory Circuits in Humans

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